Abstract: Abstract The research aims to uncover the dark cultural dimensions within the novel "Crazy Night" by Mohamed Hamdan Ben Jirsh, utilizing the radiations of the text emitted by the author in an artistic manner within significant contextual data, embodying cultural frameworks. Creative text carries multiple dimensions that do not surface directly, and cannot be discerned from initial readings; these dimensions require delving into its depths in search of illuminating signals amidst its darkness.The study relies on simultaneous analysis and interpretation, perceiving its intellectual vision through tracking the events, identifying the characters, and then elucidating their carried ideology, principles, and beliefs, all while connecting them to the external environment. Fictional characters do not represent individual cases in a transient text; rather, they, consciously portrayed by the author, point to real-life social models. Therefore, a character could be a symbol referring to the ideology of a group that shares the beliefs of this character. Thus, we have focused on the most important elements and characters that open a window to the intellectual vision embedded in the narrative text, aiming to engage in dialogue with it, ultimately contributing to its re-creation within the critical space. The research axes were as follows: (The darkness of the main title, the cultural dimensions completed in the fictional text, entry into life, the window of hope, the first character: Salem/the flute, the second character: Hisham, the third character: Nour Saeed Al-Sari)

Abstract: This research addresses the conjunctions in the poetry of Jassim Muhammad Jassim Al-Ajja in light of transformational-generative grammar theory. The study includes several poetic examples from the poet's two collections, "A Sky That Does Not Title Its Clouds" and "Impositions for the Fingers of Grass." Jassim Muhammad Jassim Al-Ajja's poetry was chosen for this study because, to my knowledge, it has not been the subject of recent linguistic analysis. Furthermore, the poet is considered one of the most prominent contemporary poets in the Mosul poetry scene, blending creative poetic work with academic critical work, which has resulted in a rich linguistic expression. His poetry is abundant with many elements of conjunctions, the focus of this research and study. This study aims to unveil the essence of this poet's work and to analyze his poetry according to modern linguistic methodologies, particularly the transformational-generative approach. The research examines conjunctions in the poet's work in light of the key hypotheses of transformational-generative grammar, specifically the deep structure and surface structure hypotheses, which posit that every surface structure has an underlying mental deep structure. The research is divided into an introduction and two sections. The introduction discusses the poet's life, his poetry collections, his critical writings, and the academic studies written about him. The first section addresses transformational-generative theory in terms of its philosophical roots and stages, while the second section explores conjunctions in light of our theory under investigation. The research concludes with a summary of the most significant findings derived from the study.

Abstract: Several parallels emerge from Al-Mutanabbi’s poetry, and a branch of vocabulary that includes rhetorical elements that are similar and equal in the structure of the parallel text. The research noted a widespread emergence of parallelism that includes more than one word that is parallel in meaning and structure. The research observes the dualities of parallelism in Al-Mutanabbi’s poetry in two chapters:The first chapter: includes material parallel dualism, including (parallel chromatic dualism), which is characterized by artistic paintings that the poet draws with words that are woven in parallel with his poems, as color, in both its direct and implicit types, brings together important symbols in parallelismSeveral parallels emerge from Al-Mutanabbi’s poetry, and a branch of vocabulary that includes rhetorical elements that are similar and equal in the structure of the parallel text. The research noted a widespread emergence of parallelism that includes more than one word that is parallel in meaning and structure. The research observes the dualities of parallelism in Al-Mutanabbi’s poetry in two chapters:The first chapter: includes material parallel dualism, including (parallel chromatic dualism), which is characterized by artistic paintings that the poet draws with words that are woven in parallel with his poems, as color, in both its direct and implicit types, brings together important symbols in parallelism

Abstract: Abstract:This research explores the connotative significance of the words in the Holy Quran and their impact on meaning, portraying and embodying it, elucidating and interpreting it. The study delves into the lasting effect this has on the reader's heart, fostering contemplation, remembrance, and reflection on the meanings of the Quranic verses containing these words. Thus, benefit is gained, and the goal is achieved as this research relies on examining the lexical meanings of these words, their usage in the Arabic language, and the implied meanings and connotations based on the context in which they appear. The research includes an introduction, a prelude discussing conceptual and terminological aspects of connotation, practical examples of the connotative significance of Quranic words and their impact on meaning based on the selection of a set of words from the Holy Quran to serve as a model for study and analysis. Ultimately, the research includes a conclusion summarising the most important results obtained by this study.This research deals with the use of the context determine the

Abstract: The poetry of complaint expanded in the seventh century of the Hijra due to the deteriorating social, economic, and political conditions that people experienced during the late Abbasid rule and the onset of Mongol and Crusader invasions of large parts of the Islamic state. It was natural for all these events to reflect on the psyches of poets and subsequently on their poetry, as they serve as the voice of their community, depicting its suffering from these events. Complaint is a means that helps individuals express the hidden sorrows of their hearts and the pains they endure, in a sincere manner, stemming from a genuine experience where there is no room for flattery or time to choose words. It is an immediate reaction to the personal concerns that the poet suffers from, which they alleviate by sharing with others, achieving a sense of catharsis that brings them psychological comfort.The research is structured into an introduction and four sections. The introduction defines the concept of "self-complaint poetry." The first section is dedicated to complaints about illness, the second to complaints about aging and gray hair, the third to complaints about time, and the fourth to complaints about the loss of loved ones. 

Abstract: The research revealed the significance of the words of general calamities and hardships in the Holy Qur’an through the induction of words and structures in the Holy Qur’anic verses. The research showed the subtle differences and semantic shades between words and structures, and it is impossible for two words to differ while the meaning is the same in the Holy Qur’an; because the language of the Qur’an has gathered the sources of eloquence with great wisdom and that it was chosen by the Almighty, the Wise. The research was divided into two parts, the first of which dealt with the significance of calamity in the Holy Qur’an, and the second revealed the significance of the words of general calamities and hardships

Abstract: The character is a complex combination of elements that represent the focal point around which the narrative discourse revolves. It is the backbone upon which the narrative relies. The concept of literary work is subject to the concept of action and event, and the character is a new construction undertaken more by the reader than by the text itself. The character in the novel is an important element around which events and narration revolve. It is the idea around which events are woven, serving as the mask that the novelist wears to perform roles in his work. It constitutes an effective element in driving the narrative event, and it is a paper person produced by the novelist to achieve some aesthetic goal. This novel utilizes a system that defines the concepts of character at its multiple levels. The diversity in the character of Azam Al-Abdullah within the narrative structure presents us with several levels to highlight this character from all aspects of life and to move the scene effectively, attracting the recipient through this diversity occurring among the levels of the novel, as the character is a new construction undertaken more by the reader than by the text.

Abstract: In this research, I dealt with the Al- Fangalat in the interpretation of Al-Khazin in the second half of the Eleventh Party. They numbered five Fangalat, and their topics varied between interpretive and linguistic. The study was limited to the sayings of the commentators who preceded Al-Khazin in classification in this blessed science. To show his agreement with them, and what he quoted from them, and his additions that were unique to him, and it was not an analytical study, and we mentioned that the Fangala falls under the style of sculpture, as sculpture is a type of abbreviation and the Fangala agrees with it in that, as it is an old term in its use, new in its name. Scientists used it in various arts of science. , in language, interpretation, doctrine, in the principles of jurisprudence, in grammar, in jurisprudence, and in rhetoric, and it has purposes for its use, including: arousal, suspense, awakening thought, contemplation, debate with the opponent, and responding to suspicions that are raised about the Holy Qur’an and its verses.

Abstract: This study attempts to deduce the "pragmatic" linguistic awareness of Wittgenstein in particular, especially that his view of language in a way of philosophical, linguistic and communicative awareness is of great importance. His early and late theories, and the various aspects of his awareness and interests in them, according to the specific usage context. Proceeding from this central reference, we seek in this study to define the framework of the approach that we would like to crystallize between linguistics and philosophy, taking into account the impact of influence, influence and functional cross-fertilization in the conceptual and production apparatus of each. Contemporary analytic philosophy by giving language an effective role as a method that seeks to analyze various philosophical, linguistic and intellectual texts and issues, and linguistics as a critical turning point in contemporary studies in crystallizing communication and interaction through its basic structure based on various knowledge, including philosophy in particular, as a conceptual key to any possible linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge . Wittgenstein's analytical philosophy (ordinary language) represented the best title for this philosophical-linguistic overlap, and the reliance on the linguistic pronunciation as a single or prominent evidence that only reveals meaning through it, by virtue of the mediation of the tripartite relationship that exists between (text - use - understanding).

Abstract: This study was conducted to identify effect of using the "Establish Concepts" strategy on the achievement of sixth-grade primary students in the Holy Quran and Islamic education the research sample was limited to sixth-grade primary students at AL-MAJD BOYS School for the year 2023-2024; where the two research groups consisted of (66) students (34) Students in class (a) the experimental group and (32) students in class (b)the control group and the researcher used the experimental design with two equal groups and the researcher prepared an achievement the test was applied at the end of the experiment to measure achievement using the (t.test),the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the average. the scores of the experimental group members and the average. The scores of the members of the control group and for the benefit of the experimental group .and in light for the results of the research, the researcher recommended: adopting a strategy to put concepts in teaching the subjects of the Holy Quran and Islamic education for all educational levels, and suggested: conducting a study aimed at finding out the effect of the strategy put concepts in developing deductive thinking among fifth grade students in primary school Islamic education subject.

Abstract: The current research aims to find out the effect of the word meaning strategy on the acquisition of English vocabulary among fifth-grade primary school students. To achieve the research goal, the researcher formulated the null hypothesis. The research was limited to fifth-grade primary school students in the city of Mosul for the academic year (2023/2024), and it was adopted. The researcher designed an experimental design for two equal groups. The experimental group consisted of (30) students who would be taught according to the word meaning strategy, and the control group consisted of (30) students who would be taught according to the usual method. The researchers conducted equivalence between the two research groups with the following variables: chronological age in months, The grade of the English language subject for the fourth grade of primary school, the general average for the fourth grade of primary school, the educational level of the mothers and fathers. To achieve the goal of the study, it was necessary to have a tool to test the acquisition of English vocabulary among the students of the fifth grade of primary school, and to verify the validity of the test, it was presented to a group of arbitrators specialized in teaching methods. The reliability of the test was verified using the (Kuder-Richardson) equation, and the reliability coefficient reached (0.83).

Abstract: The current research aims to discover the positive thinking level of preparatory school students in Mosul City, and to discover if there is a significant difference sign in positive thinking level according to gender variable (males-females) and also to discover if there is a significant difference sign in positive thinking level according to class variable (fourth- sixth).The researcher has adopted the descriptive procedure, the study sample consists of (100) students which were selected randomly. The research tool includes (Husam Mohammed Munshid's scale, 2013). The data were treated statistically using split-half test, T-test for two independent samples, T-test for one sample, Pearson's correlation coefficient, (SPSS) was used by the researcher, the following results were made:1- The sample members are characterized by a high level of positive thinking.2- There are no statistically significant differences in the level of positive thinking according to the gender variable (males-females).3- There are statistically significant differences in the level of positive thinking according to the grade variable (Fourth - Sixth) and for the benefit of the sixth grade.In light of these results, a set of recommendations has been developed to establish offices or centers for educational and psychological supervision in educational institutions, which help to develop positive thinking and provide courses that develop human capabilities, in addition to holding meetings, seminars and conferences to encourage the community to take an interest in developing positive aspects, and that the curricula include skills that develop thinking of its various types.

Abstract: The study aimed to reveal the nature of the relationship between suicidal tendencies and psychological frustration among a sample of (200) young men and women. To achieve the study's objectives, the researcher used a suicidal tendencies questionnaire and a psychological frustration scale, after verifying their validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed a statistically significant relationship between suicidal tendencies and psychological frustration. Additionally, the results indicated significant differences on the suicidal tendencies scale based on gender, favoring males, and no statistically significant differences based on social status in the level of suicidal tendencies. However, significant differences were found based on economic status, favoring those with low economic levels. The results also showed no statistically significant differences on the psychological frustration scale related to gender and social status, while significant differences were found based on economic status, favoring those with a weak economic situation. 

Abstract: The study aimed to find the degree to which digital leadership contributed to attaining competitive advantage in private Omani universities from the perspective of academics in view to achieve the objectives of the study, a descriptive research method was used, and a questionnaire consisting of 35 items was constructed. The questionnaire was comprised of two dimensions: digital leadership and competitive advantage. After verifying the validity and reliability of the instrument, it was applied of 234 faculty members.The study has shown that, from the perspective of academics, the level of digital leadership in private Omani universities was high. Furthermore, the study showed that the level of competitive advantage in private Omani universities, was high. The study concluded that there was a positive, strong and statistically significant correlation between all the dimensions of digital leadership and the dimensions of competitive advantage. The results of the linear regression analysis also demonstrated that the degree of digital leadership’s contribution could predict 79.5% of the level of competitive advantage in private Omani universities.

Abstract: AbstractThe current research aims to identify (the effect of the idea nomination strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade primary school students in mathematics). The researchers adopted a partial controlled experimental design with two equal experimental and control groups, to suit the circumstances of the current research. The researchers intentionally selected fifth-grade primary school students from a school Al-Horeya in the Sharqat Education Department, and in a random manner, Division (B) was chosen to be an experimental group whose students were taught using the strategy of filtering ideas, while Division (A) became a control group whose students were taught in the usual manner. The research sample reached (62) students.Before starting the experiment, the researchers were keen to make the students of the two research groups statistically equal in a number of variables that are believed to affect the safety of the experiment. These variables are: (chronological age calculated in months, last year’s average for the fourth grade of primary school, the “Raven” intelligence test, and the educational level of the parents. Mothers’ educational level.The researchers determined the educational material to be taught, which included the first three chapters of the mathematics book for the fifth grade of primary school. In light of the content, the researchers prepared behavioral objectives within three levels. The researchers also prepared (20) model teaching plans for both groups.

Abstract: The interest of the Circassian Mamluk state required it to impose its hegemony over the Hijaz in general and Mecca in particular for two reasons: the first was religious for the leadership of the Islamic world at that time, and the second was economic, to control the economic capabilities of the Hijaz after the emergence of the port of Jeddah in the year (827 AH/1424 AD) and the balance of power in the Islamic world shifted after it lost  The port of Aden, its economic status, and the shift of international trade in that year to the port of Jeddah, which served as the economic interface of Hejaz due to the arbitrary policy pursued by the Rasulid sultans In Yemen, against commercial boats coming from India and other countries. Therefore, we notice the interest of the Circassian Mamluks in Mecca and the attempt to stir up strife among its princes in order to weaken them and control the reins of government there by appointing whomever they see as more loyal to them. The study attempted to reveal the reasons that led to that policy.  Which was adopted by the Circassian Mamluks in the Hijaz in general and Mecca in particular, and to give a clear picture of the conditions of Mecca internally and externally in that period The study showed the relationship between the nobles of Mecca and its princes and the conflicts that were taking place between them, as well as the rebellions that took place in that period by some military leaders and  relationship  The tribes surrounding Mecca and the rebellion those tribes, as well as the relationship between them and the Circassian Mamluk sultans before the fall of their state.

Abstract: The study highlighted the attempts of the Muslim brotherhood movement in Iraq to renew its quranic platforms, through the building a balanced personality possesses a faith- based cognitive vision based on a culture of positive change, understanding societal reality and changing negative behaviors into positive behaviors in different fields so that society can be promoted and happy, this requires the movement to promote planned and organized Islamic awareness, reform its methods of thought and teaching and organizational methods enhance knowledge and provide information the living Islamic model. 

Abstract: The water crisis can be solved, as is clear, through joint international and regional efforts that include good intentions and belief in shared interests. This will only come about by concluding legal agreements of an international nature that are respected by the signatory parties. Therefore, the water issue is one of the most complex issues and problems that have faced Turkish-Arab relations, and specifically the relationship with Iraq and Syria, which is also one of the common issues between these countries. Now, the cooperative aspect in this issue was weak, and the weak position comes from the failure of any party to recognize the rights of the other. It believed from the beginning that the water flowing in the Euphrates and Tigris basins is Turkish water because it originates from Turkish land, and therefore it is not legally obligated to give a fixed share to the riparian countries. Despite this, Turkey showed its readiness to cooperate with Iraq and Syria to reach an agreement to supply them with water, provided that this does not conflict with the country’s interest in establishing development and economic projects. Therefore, we find that it dealt with this issue in a devious manner. In contrast, others tried to stand in the way of Turkish policy and demanded its legal rights to the waters of the Euphrates and Tigris, but they did not reach a common solution that they agreed upon to confront Turkey’s water policy. Rather, there was a disagreement between them that was the most prominent in this issue, which made Turkey exploit this disagreement to its advantage.

Abstract: The study of means of entertainment and amusement during the Zengid era (579-521 AH / 1127-1183 AD) in the Levant is one of the important studies as it is a link between other studies that preceded it and then that followed the Zengid era in the Levant. In fact, the events of the history of the Zengid state are very important, because they An Islamic state was formed at one of the most critical stages of Islamic history, as the Islamic world was exposed to a Western European attack known as the (Crusades). These wars were a dangerous attack and full of accidents and tribulations. It seems that the study of entertainment and amusement in the Levant in the Zengid era did not receive much attention from historians and researchers, and that country did not receive its share of specialized research in that field. Moreover, most modern studies were limited to the political aspect, and neglected the other aspect of the means of entertainment and amusement, which had a role. had a significant impact on the living and social life of the population. Previous studies had paid attention to the personalities of Imad al-Din Zengi and Nur al-Din Mahmoud, and dealt with studying the era of the Crusades and others. So we decided to study the other side of the Zengid state, which is the means of entertainment and amusement, in order to know how that state was formed and how and what are.

Abstract: The aim of the current research is to identify:- The level of administrative and financial stability of the clubs in the Iraqi Premier Basketball League from the perspective of the members of the administrative bodies.- The level of organizational prosperity and its dimensions of the clubs in the Iraqi Premier Basketball League from the perspective of the members of the administrative bodies.- The relationship between administrative and financial stability and organizational prosperity of the clubs in the Iraqi Premier Basketball League.          The research population consisted of members of the administrative bodies of the sports clubs participating in the Iraqi Premier Basketball League for the sports season 2023-2024, totaling 110 administrative body members. To achieve the research objectives, the researchers adapted the administrative and financial stability scale developed by (Al-Sufi, 2022) and constructed a scale for organizational prosperity. Statistical methods used for reaching the results included (mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, t-test).          The researchers concluded a number of findings, the most important of which is that administrative and financial stability positively reflects on the reality of administrative development and organizational prosperity in the clubs of the Iraqi Premier Basketball League.          The researchers recommend that the management of the clubs in the Iraqi Premier Basketball League should increase their focus on administrative and financial stability to enhance the level of organizational prosperity, which would reflect in achieving outstanding results.

Abstract: The importance of the current research is highlighted in studying the statistical discrepancy between the results of the spoken assessment and the standard assessment of the approved physical tests in accepting students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the Basic College.The research problem can be summarized in answering the following questions:- What are the students’ levels in physical tests based on spoken assessment (previously approved standard scores)?- What are the students’ levels in physical tests based on the standard assessment (the standard scores extracted from their results)?- What are the differences between the standardized assessment scores and the spoken assessment scores for students in physical tests?The current research aims to:- Identifying the statistical differences between the spoken assessment and the standard assessment of physical tests used in accepting students into the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.The researcher used the descriptive and comparative method for its suitability and the nature of the current researchAs for the research sample, it was represented by male students only in order to serve the idea of ​​the research. They numbered (150) students by taking their results in the physical tests considered for admission. Thus, the research sample represented (66.66%) of the entire research population.The researcher used the results of the physical tests used in admission as a means of collecting data for his research. The tests are:- 60 m running test, 540 m running test, pull-up test, belly button test, and wide jump test.The researcher concluded the following:- Using standard assessment in accepting students is better than adopting spoken assessment in the physical tests approved for admission.The researcher recommends:- Adopting the standard assessment annually to evaluate students applying for admission based on their results in physical tests instead of the spoken assessment.

Abstract: The world today is witnessing continuous development that cannot be comprehended by learning programs and their methods, which necessitates the existence of programs that enable learners to develop motor skills aimed at enhancing their potentials and capabilities in response to their inclinations and desires. In light of the developments occurring in the educational process in general, and the subsequent advancements in teaching sciences and the progress of educational and psychological studies, the learner has become the focal point of the educational process. This has led to the emergence of new educational and methodological organizations that align with this trend, including the activity-based curriculum, which emphasizes that everything happening in the school should serve this purpose.           The importance of the research lies in understanding the impact of specific exercises related to symmetrical and brain-directed exercises in developing the accuracy of certain offensive skills among youth football players. An experimental method with a design of two equivalent groups, experimental and control, was used on a sample of (20) youths randomly selected from among the players of the football school aged (15) years for the sports season 2021/2022. Through statistical treatments, it was concluded that symmetrical and brain-directed exercises have significant importance in developing the accuracy of certain offensive skills among youth football players. The researcher recommended the use of symmetrical and brain-directed exercises to enhance the accuracy of certain offensive skills among youth football players.  

Abstract: The aim of the research is to find the effect of an exercise on the dimensionality, to check, the difference sign, the small difference sign, the difference sign, the difference sign, the difference sign, and the Av. Significant effect of special exercises using (rubber rope) on the special endurance and achievement between the experimental research groups and the post-control group. The experimental group did not exercise the implementation of the research experiment on a sample of the team swimmers of Dohuk Governorate, the specialty of (100) breaststroke for youth subject number (12) swimmers, then two groups were formed. Of the experimental and control groups, with (6) swimmers for the experimental group and (6) swimmers for the control group, this was done by drawing lots, and equivalence was launched between the two groups in the research variables. ), and the knowledge reached the following conclusion: Work on training swimmers according to special exercises using the special rubber rope and achievement for speed swimmers in their training curricula.

Abstract: The research problem was identified in comparing a number of knee joint injuries between outdoor and indoor soccer players. research aimed to: identify knee joint injuries suffered by outdoor football players, And identifying knee joint injuries that futsal players are exposed to, A comparison of the number of knee joint injuries between outdoor and indoor soccer players.research sample consisted of (121) outdoor players (27.3%) and (60) indoor players (23.44%) from the research community. They were chosen intentionally from those with injuries. The knee joint, researchers used Arab and foreign sources and references and an open questionnaire as methods and tools for research And data was processed statistically using percentages, and the following conclusions were reached: Indoor soccer players are more susceptible to or suffer from cruciate ligament tear, joint cartilage tear, and medial ligament tear of the knee joint compared to outdoor soccer players. And outdoor soccer players are also more susceptible to or suffering from a lateral ligament tear and a fracture of the patella of knee joint compared to indoor soccer players.

Abstract: Psychology is one of the important sciences that requires extensive study and deep understanding due to its significant impact on individuals. It is a field that has seen increased demand in recent years, especially in the educational sector, because of its effective influence on the educational process. It is one of the crucial sciences with a direct impact on enhancing and improving the performance levels of learners, making it a vital focus in scientific studies within the field of education. The research aimed to identify: * The level of communication skills among students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. * The differences in the level of communication skills between students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. To verify this, the researchers hypothesized the existence of: * Varying levels of communication skills among students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. * Differences in the level of communication skills between students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. The research sample consisted of 121 students from some departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. To collect data, the researchers employed the "Communication Skills" scale developed by Ali Hussein Najm Al-Omrani, which included 38 items. The scale was subjected to scientific statistics before the final application on the research sample. The researchers utilized the following: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, percentage, theoretical mean analysis of variance for unequal samples, and the least significant difference value.

Abstract: The high jump is a complex skill composed of a series of phases that are interrelated. The approach run generates horizontal velocity that facilitates the jumper's takeoff and minimizes energy loss. Biomechanics is a science that contributes to the provision of the most appropriate kinematic solutions using kinetic analysis.The purpose of this study was to identify the values of some biomechanical variables of the high jump performance of the Iraqi record holder, to identify the achievement of the high jump performance of the Iraqi record holder, and to identify the relationship between some biomechanical variables and the high jump performance level of the Iraqi record holder.The researchers used a descriptive approach that was appropriate for the nature of the study. The research sample was selected using the purposive method and consisted of the Iraqi record holder in the high jump, with a height of 1.81 meters, the champion Maryam Abdul-Hameed.Measurement was used to determine the height and weight, and scientific technical observation was used through digital photography with a camera type CASIO Exilim HS EX-ZR400 with a speed of 240 frames per second. Scientific software was used to analyze the movement to obtain the kinematic variables of the research using the computer. The final experiment was filmed on June 1, 2023, on Thursday at the Erbil Sports Club stadium. The researchers used statistical processing (mean, standard deviation, percentage, and Pearson's simple correlation coefficient).

Abstract: - Identifying the values of the number of physical tests for the experimental and control groups in a sample of youth aged 18-20 years.- Detecting the effect of the proposed training program for some aspects of muscle strength using body weight as resistancein developing a number of physical characteristics in a sample of youth aged 18-20 years.- Detecting the differences between the experimental and control groups in a number of physical characteristics in a sample of youth aged 18-20 years.The research community consisted of Nineveh Club football players for the youth category, aged (17-19), for the sports season (2023-2024), numbering (34) players. The research sample was selected intentionally and divided into two groups (experimental and control) randomly, amounting to (29) players. (2) players who underwent the exploratory experiment were excluded, and (2) goalkeepers, and (1) player was excluded for his inability to adhere to the training units, so the final total for the experimental group became (11) players, while the control group (12) and Table (1,2) shows the specifications of the research sample and the percentage. The researcher concluded that the proposed training program has a clear positive effect in developing a number of physical qualities (transitional speed, explosive power of the legs, power characterized by speed of the legs, speed endurance, agility

Abstract: This study aimed to enhance the specifications of asphalt pavement by using sulfur waste (bloudan) resulting from sulfur purification in the Al-Mishraq sulfur mine through thermal treatment, in addition to using a mixture of sulfur waste and polyethylene glycol in asphalt modification. The study began by analyzing the chemical composition of the waste using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), followed by treating the asphalt with different ratios of sulfur waste (bloudan). Then, the optimal ratio of polyethylene glycol was determined and treated with the asphalt, followed by using 1% of polyethylene glycol with different ratios of bloudan in asphalt modification at a temperature of 170-180°C for one hour.The rheological properties of the original and modified asphalt were determined by measuring properties such as penetration, softening point, ductility, penetration index, Marshall stability, and aging. The modified asphalt exhibited better rheological properties compared to the original asphalt, particularly in terms of stability and resistance to acid rain.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared with aloe vera leaf extract and several antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant Shigella and Salmonella bacteria. These bacteria were obtained from Kirkuk General Hospital and re-diagnosed based on reliable diagnostic sources. According to the study, aloe vera leaf extract reduces silver ions while changing the color of the solution to reddish brown. The silver nanoparticles produced by the aloe vera plant were detected using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and found to fall at wavelengths (430( nm The results of (111), (200), and (220) indicate that silver particles and antibiotic tablets extracted from aloe vera leaves (amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin) have synergistic effects against drug-resistant bacteria such as shigella and salmonella. As a result, their antimicrobial efficacy was enhanced.

Abstract: Background: Blood viscosity is reflecting the stickiness of blood. It is a measure of the ability of blood to pass through the blood vessels. Hyperviscosity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases because it can impede blood flow and/or oxygen supply to body tissues. Objectives: This study has been done to know the effects of viscosity on blood glucose levels. Materials and methods: Seventy- two random blood samples for a healthy persons and not diabetic has been collected from two qualified and specialized medical laboratories in Mosul city. The blood samples have been divided into three groups on the basis of the results of packed cell volume (PCV). First group in which the pcv reading was below the normal range. Second group in which pcv reading was within the normal range. Third group in which pcv reading was above the normal range and it includes two categories, male and female with ages ranging between (22 -60) years. Results: The results of study show that the high level of PCV in the 3rd group leads to decrease in the glucose level in compassion with the 1st and 2nd groups. In males, the blood glucose levels in the 2nd group was significantly slightly lower than in the first groups. As for the 2nd group of females, the glucose level decreased with a significant difference from the 1st group.

Abstract: In the present work, a new Schiff base, the (3-((4-benzoylphenyl) imino) indolin-2-one ), derived from the condensation reaction of isatin with 4-amino benzophenone in the presence of glacial acetic acid has been was synthesized. In general, the ligand (BI=C21H14N2O2) is bidentate and it contains oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) donor atoms. The transition metal complexes of Schiff bases have been synthesized by reacting the ligand (1:1 or 1:2) molar ratio with various metals ions (Co+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Cd+2) chlorides. All the newly prepared materials have been characterized by several spectroscopic methods, such as infrared FT-IR,1HNMR spectrum and ultra violet visible UV-vis, C.H.N., magnetic moment, conductivity measurements, and melting point. The results demonstrate that the complexes of general formula [M(BI)2Cl2] have been octahedral coordination, while the complexes of general formula [M(BI)Cl2] have showed tetrahedral coordination. The biological activity of the ligand and all the prepared complexes has been measured by studying the inhibitory effect on the growth of two different types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the disc diffusion method.

Abstract: This study aims to compare the concentration of PNX-14 hormone in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome with women without polycystic ovary syndrome, And study its relationship to some sex hormones. Materials and methods: This study was conducted at Al-Salam Teaching Hospital in Mosul for the period from (the first of July 2022 until the end of September 2022), where the study included (100) samples of women between the ages of (16-47) years, and (50) of them are obese and thin women with polycystic ovary syndrome and (50) of them are healthy women, The group of obese women was divided into three groups according to the degree of obesity (serious obesity, obesity of the first degree, obesity of the second degree).Both the group of sick women and the control group were divided into four age groups: (<20), (21-30) (31-40), (>40)) years .Serum samples were separated and stored in airtight tubes, then we measured the concentration of hormones (phoenixin-14, Luteinizing ,Follicle stimulator, Testosterone , Prolactin , Estrogen and Progestrone). An increase in the concentration of luteinizing hormone, estrogen, rolactin and testosterone in the blood serum of women with polycystic ovary syndrome was observed compared to the healthy population . While the hormone

Abstract: This research included preparing a new type of activated carbon using eucalyptus tree leaves obtained from the forests of the city of Mosul. It was found that this type of carbon prepared from the type of nano type, whose minutes are less than (100nm), where the sizes of its molecules ranged (43.69, 61.88, 63.97nm) and this type of carbon was used to remove the medicine (Theophyline) of its aquatic solutions This research included the application of isotthyrame Freundlikh and Langmuir was more applicable to the practical data of the studied system, indicating that the results of (R²) values where the value of(R²)for Freundlikh (0.9488), As for Langmuir, the value of R² (0.9955) was also shown by the thermodynamic study of the adsorption in the system under study as an automatic process through (negative ∆Go) values and leads to greater regularity after the process of adsorption (∆So negative values) in addition to the force that controls the link between the drug and the carbon surface is forces of a physical nature (∆H = -16.899 kj / mole) And adsorption here is a process that emits heat. The research also included the application of three kinetic models, which are the first false rank, the second false rank and the implicit molecular spread. The results showed that the system of adsorption used in this research follows the equation of the interaction of the second false rank and that the implicit molecular proliferation process is not the only mechanical dominant process Extrusion.

Abstract: In general, the relationship between the subject and the verb is extremely subtle, and the prominence of one over the other is still debatable. Some scholars, the majority to be precise, contend that the verb, not the noun, is the dominant and controlling constituent in a sentence. Others, however, maintain otherwise. Having taken that into account, and due to the profound divergencies between the structures of English and Arabic, realizing an appropriate translation is profoundly hard to attain.The prime goal of the paper is to dig deeply into the topic by pinpointing the characteristics of this subject-verb dichotomy. Additionally, it aims to fill this translation gap by furnishing some hints and guidelines that are meant to be very helpful for translators before commencing this laborious translational enterprise in such a difficult grammatical area. It is hypothesized that translating the entire stretch of the dichotomy poses significant challenges for translators in their attempt to achieve the objectives and that, despite divergencies between Arabic and English, a sound translation can be provided. Along with an explanation of the main types, functions, and characteristics of the relation, a thorough and in-depth account of the dichotomy is given. To validate the hypotheses and achieve the objectives, a body of Arabic-English translation examples is chosen, a translation model is adopted, a delicate data analysis is carried out, and some renderings are proposed. The paper concludes with a few recommendations and suggestions that are meant to be of great benefit

Abstract: The current paper highlights the need for a unified approach that considers both micro - and macro-cognition in cognitive research. It suggests that integrating these perspectives can lead to a more complete interpretation of theatrical texts. The current work hypothesizes that the model of the translation process folds into two constructs of cognitive Efficacy (CE); the first is the macrocognitive interface, and the second is the microcognitive interface to pull away conceptual and operational analysis of the translator's performance of transfer ST and ground the mind into TT. The methodological consequences and practical part are applied to the theatrical texts to follow this model of the translation process and how it affects the scope of cognitive translation studies (CTS) by (Martín and de León, 2021). The study concluded that macro-cognitive research deals with the overall performance and ecology of task execution within the cognitive system of the translator. While it focuses on invariant processes, the use of binary linguistic levels is often employed in micro - cognitive research. The emphasis on internal validity and the ability to draw causal inferences is mentioned, as well as the convenience and utility of using large samples in analyzing complex relationships between variables of cognitive modeling, mental architecture, and knowledge sharing.

Abstract: AbstractThis study seeks to ascertain the pronunciation inaccuracies of Kurdish English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at the university level when articulating English diphthong phonemes. These students grapple with challenges related to the articulation of diphthong sounds in English due to their limited exposure and practice. The primary objective of this research is to identify, categorize, and quantify the total number of pronunciation errors made by Kurdish EFL students in the context of English diphthongs.A sample of thirty undergraduate Kurdish EFL students, who are native speakers of Northern Kirmanci, participated in this descriptive qualitative study. The students were requested to pronounce 40 English words, encompassing the eight diphthong sounds prescribed by Southern Standard British English Received Pronunciation (RP). Their pronunciations were recorded using smartphones. These students, who were in their senior year of undergraduate studies, were selected for the study. The recordings of the students' pronunciations were meticulously examined to discern common mispronunciations of English diphthong sounds. Subsequently, the data were collected, organized, and ranked in order of prevalence, ultimately revealing a total of 405 errors. The prevalence of diphthong errors is presented as follows: (ʊə) at a rate of 93.3%, (ɪə) 58.8%, (əʊ) 42.2%, (eə) 37.3%, (aʊ) 28.6%, (eɪ) 14.7%, (aɪ) 8%, and (ɔɪ) 5.8%.Kurdish native speakers frequently encounter difficulties in articulating English diphthongs, primarily due to the absence of these sounds in their native language and a dearth of English pronunciation study and practice throughout their academic journey.

Abstract: AbstractThe current study tackles how the rhetorical interrogative questions in the Prophetic hadith have been translated. The kind of interrogation under study is the one that usually does not requires response, but rather it may affiliate into additional sub meanings that are not apparently expressed with their formal structure. Theses affiliated additional meanings include exclamative interrogative, suspense, forbidding, denial as a rebuke, etc. One of the stylistic features utilized in prophetic Hadiths as an effective convincing style in communication, discussion, and persuasion is rhetorical interrogation. It is worth mentioning that while explaining numerous Islamic rulings conveying wisdom and orating in a way that makes others enthusiastic to comprehend the answer, the Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) used to devote RI to steer the awareness of his companions. This study aims at exploring RI and it's translating in the Prophetic Hadith. Besides, to examine the extent at which the translators are successful to render the rhetorical interrogation in an equivalent way into English that preserves the Illocutionary Force of the sentence intact. Moreover, the hypothesis made in the study is that to retain the Ifs of the rhetorical interrogatives, some of which are be better to be translated into exclamative or statements. One of the most important conclusions is that RIs, as precondition of the context of situation, branch out into several implicit indirect meanings in English and Arabic. Finally, the translator requires to utilize the context of situation so as to fully comprehend the intended Ifs of the RI under translation.

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