Abstract: AbstractThe concept of myth arose with man since ancient times, of needing it to decipher many of the symbols of the universe surrounding him, and his adoption of myths to familiarize himself with his world and attachment to everything that is sacred to him. It was represented by (the tree, the dove, and the woman) as elements that have a mythical dimension, and they have a presence in all world myths, so we tried in this research to study these features in the poetry of the poet Hamid bin Thor, and our plan was based on talking about the relationship of myth with poetry and its impact on it. Then we dealt with the dove and its mythical references in the poet's poetry, as well as the tree and the woman, and presented a summary of the most important findings that we reached.The concept of myth arose with man since ancient times, because man needs to decipher many

Abstract: This research included a study of the personal life of Imam al-Hussein bin Muhammad al-Hanati al-Shafi’i (d. 495 AH) through the knowledge of his birth and upbringing, his sheikhs and students, and the sayings of scholars about him, his writings and his death; It also included a comparative jurisprudential study of the jurisprudential issues that Imam al-Hanati was exposed to in prayer and his views in it, and then a statement of the opinions of the four schools of thought on these issues and the selection of the most correct ones.

Abstract: The Study of reference scholars has a great importantance in seeking the text’s depths . This helps understand what the writer means and Wants to reach through perceiving the influence he-she  has on others . The reference  scholars grant the writer the notion that enriches him – her with culture . Imadaldeen  Khalil was given the method and lifestyle through Islam and he functioned it in history depending on his passion that enabled him to guide this interest to be a professional writer and expert in Islamic history and literature . The experience and passion made lmadaldeen Khalil find out the objective and made him have a comprehensive vision in things and referred to him in this study to be of great capacity . In this way , he relied on Islamic history to establish his two plays .  

Abstract: The description is one of the poetic purposes in which the poets of the medieval era excelled, especially Ibn Zilaq al-Mawsili, who formed this purpose in his poetry as an artistic feature that distinguished him on both the objective and artistic levels together. The research was based on an introduction and two sections. The topic included defining the concept of poetic description. The first topic was devoted to studying description trends in terms of textual description, physical description, and emotional description. The second topic included the study of the types of description in terms of taxonomic description, expressive description, simple description, complex description, subjective description, and objective description. The research relied on an analytical study of the descriptive texts in the poetry of Ibn Zaylaq Al-Mawsili in order to clarify the objective and artistic values ​​and derive the implications that resulted from them

Abstract: The research seeks to uncover the narrative methods in the poem (Ashes of the Object of the Night) by the poet Muzahim Allawi, considering that the modern poem began to move in its poetry towards the areas of narration and employ its mechanisms of narrative, narrative and dramatic character, after the major transformations that occurred in the Arabic poem in form and content for political and cultural reasons And social. The poet began to present reality and its many contradictions in a poetic style with the same narrative. This is what we have seen in his book (Ashes of the Night Being). As he relied on investing some elements of narration, such as dialogue and characters, as well as the manner of actions and their times that printed the divan in a poetic narrative character. This research was divided into a theoretical dimension, in which we dealt with an introduction that included two axes: the narration of poetry and the concept of style, then the applied aspect came on three axes, the first axis: the style of the poem the story, the second axis: the style of the biographical poem, and the third axis: the style of the poem drama.

Abstract: The study sought to explain the meaning of the Last Day, its importance, its names, and what is related to that terrible day, which is the main pillar of faith without which the faith of a believer is not valid, and that faith in the Last Day makes a person obtain the fruits of his faith, and makes him upright and faithful to God (the Exalted be He) in his work. And make him and win the satisfaction of God Almighty, and because of that day of great impact on the life of the individual and society and its impact on people by reminding them of the Day of Judgment, and the consequences of forgetting that terrible day, and that the greatest and most important issues that a person must pay attention to is his presence in this Life and its purpose, as well as his return to Bari, exalted be He. The study was required to be in two chapters, followed by the conclusion. The first topic: the Last Day and what is related to it. The second topic: the fruits of faith in the Last Day.

Abstract: The current research deals with uncovering the repetition structure and denotation in the poems "of  Amjad Mohammed Saeed and also seeking to identify the nature of this structure, its types, mechanisms and function and to which extent the poet could succeed in terms of employing his pen and makes it an effective tool through the poetic text that was charged by the poet with the rhythmic outpour that diversified the poems between the stillness to the action and music." "The research tackled the repetition phenomenon in the poems of Amjad Mohammed Saeed, the phenomenon which was clear in his poems that is tightly attached to the psychology of the poet and his life. The repetition rests on a set of stylistic selections of a specific material. The research also aims at identifying the nature of this phenomenon, how to construct it, how to formulate it and to which extent the poet succeeded to construct it to make it a vital instrument inside the poetic text and the way in which he could employ it delicately to make it an aesthetic tool that moves the space of the poetic text and transforms it from stillness into motion and action. Moreover, the research endeavors to identify the axes of the repetition and its patterns that were characterized with the word repetition (in the beginning or the end of the verse), the sentence repetition and the role played by these axes in building the text in spite of the diversity of texts and to which level those axes were capable of forming new poetic contexts that are characterized by strong and exciting denotations for the recipient, which draw his attention and influence him that he might live inside the poetic event portrayed by the poet.

Abstract: The Qur'an remains the inexhaustible sea and provides the scholars with new and useful topics, and the subject of the Qur'anic comma is not new, but the desired thing is to study the construction of this comma in terms of its significance, and to link this building to the whole verse, and it is known that each building has its own significance, but this does not remain monopolized by itself, but comes out other connotations determined by the context: in which it is contained,  Such as the departure of the indication of the building of the name of the actor to the name of the effect, or to the similar character and so on. It is also important to distinguish between the Qur'anic comma and the term saja in the rhetorical and whether it is appropriate to call the Qur'anic comma saja.  Many of these words came only in The Moon, such as: "Muzdjar- Denial - Diffuse - Dasser - Madkar - Continuous - Soaker - Price - Asher - The Monopoly - Victor - Al-Daber - Rainer - River) and the interval has overcome weight: (contrived - act - edgy) which gives the commas more parallel that increases the consistency of the verse and its proportionality and symmetry".  The letter "R" is one of the letters that I have described between intensity and softness, and has other characteristics.

Abstract: Poetry has been flowing abundantly in our veins since the early ages, so its sayings have been immortalized over time, and writers, rhetoricians and grammarians have been studying it. The Noble Qur’an, its eloquence, and its miraculousness is a template through which they measure linguistic structures and formulate them in word and meaning. The accident is what is presented to the sentence so that it departs from its usual fixed structure, and the omission is a rhetorical-grammatical phenomenon that leads to the required briefness in poetry. This research was straightened out in two sections, the first of which was: the objection to deletion in the predicate elements, in which I dealt with two models of this type; Delete the subject, and delete the subject. As for the second topic, it was opposed to the deletion of the non-predicate elements, which occurred in eight demands, which began by deleting the object and ended with the deletion of the conjunction. The study of the viewer of omission in Diwan (A Letter from Qabil) followed a semantic and rhetorical analytical approach based on the rules and regulations of Arabic grammar in general. And our last prayer is that praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and blessings and peace be upon the most honorable messenger, our Master Muhammad (PBUH) and upon all his family and companions.

Abstract:   The current research aims to design a proposed educational program based on information processing theory and identify its effectiveness in teaching measurement and evaluation for students of the department of Quranic sciences according to the International Standards for Educational Technology (ISTE). The sample consisted of (75) male and female students from the fourth morning stage at the department of Quranic Sciences and Islamic education, College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Mosul, for the academic year (2022-2023). They were divided by a random stratification method into four equal groups based on a number of variables. The first and two experimental ,they consisted of (38) male and female students who studied according to the proposed educational program, and the third and fourth, consisted of (37) male and female students who studied the same subject according  to conventional method. To achieve the first research goal, the researcher designed an educational program based on information processing theory and the International Standards for Educational Technology (ISTE). The second goal: the researcher prepared a cognitive test for the measurement and evaluation subject, consisting of three objective and essay questions, ensuring its validity, reliability, and psychometric properties. Then the researcher carried out the experiment herself at the beginning of the first semester, for the period from ( 23/10/2022 ) to ( 19/12/2023 ). At the end of the experiment, the research tool was applied to members of the basic sample in person, and then the data was collected and processed statistically using the two-way (F) test of variance .  

Abstract: The researcher dealt with an important topic about the content of worship, especially belief in God Almighty, and belief in the existence of jinn, which is considered one of the foundations of firm faith among believers, as well as the existence of obsessive thoughts, and denying its existence is considered a violation of what was stated in the Holy Qur’an, in which God Almighty said: Say, I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind ( 1) The King of the people (2) The God of the people (3) From the evil of the whisperer, the deceiver (4) The one who whispers in the hearts of the people (5) From Heaven and the people (6)The jinn are part of the unseen in which we must believe, and the evidence - the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the traditions - has come together on the existence of the demons of the jinn and humans that whisper in the hearts of people. As for all of this, a person must arm himself with the weapon of faith and piety to have the ability to overcome these heart diseases. Thus, he has attained the pleasure of God Almighty and his protection from all harm.

Abstract: This research deals with an analysis of the Qarun story, that Allah (U) mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, and an explanation of the Qur’anic educational purposes from it according to an educational vision. The importance of the research lies in derivation the lessons, and exhortation as well as knowing the Quranic purposes of this story. The research included a preface and three topics. The preface included defining Surat al-Qasas, defining the science of Quranic purposes, and the first topic dealt with Qarun and his oppression against the Israelis, while the second topic dealt with the advice given by the righteous from the Children of Israel to Qarun and his answer to them, and the third topic dealt with how he was tempted People by Qarun and how was he end and destruction. The researcher followed the inductive approach to the story from the well-known interpretations, and the objective analytical approach by tracing the theme of the story in the Holy Surah, and reached to deduce some of the Qur’anic purposes, including: Allah (I) has the sustenance, and He gives wealth to whomever He wills. Allah (I) giving is not necessarily about love and contentment, it may be for testing, sedition and tribulation. The believer takes his share of this world as a way to reach the Hereafter.

Abstract: Praise be to God, who created mankind and the jinn to command them to worship and obey Him, and may blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of God, Muhammad (peace be upon him), whom we were commanded to follow and imitate, and upon his family and all his companions, and after: It is from the mercy of God Almighty that He created them for a purpose and goal, and assigned them to direct them to what is for their benefit, benefit, and salvation in the two worlds. Sharia law, including it, considers the spiritual nourishment that the servants need more than their food, drink, and breath. If food, drink, and breath are cut off, the body dies, while the soul dies with the cessation of faith. With its death, the body dies. These costs come from the Qur’an and the Sunnah, which were the source of the rulings of Sharia with their definite and speculative significance, or by analogy with their texts, which are considered the source of deduction for all new facts and calamities. The knowledge of the accountable person about the purposes of the Sharia, its means, and the completion of its rulings, and his understanding of the Lawgiver’s ruling from its legislation, makes him feel the pleasure of obedience, prompts him to hasten to adhere to it, and urges him to avoid its prohibitions and prohibitions, due to his awareness that the Lawgiver has not commanded a matter except that there is benefit and good in it, and he has not forbidden doing anything except that it contains corruption and evil. Realize it or not.

Abstract: The aim of the research is to track and study a phenomenon of the Arabic language, which was known to the authors of the language, ancient and modern, and it is the phenomenon of substitution between letters, and it was of interest to Arabic language scholars, and the people of the language wrote books and compilations, as most of the ancient compilations contained chapters and chapters devoted to substitution between Arabic letters This phenomenon was subject to criticism between acceptance and rejection by the people of the language. Because there are some mistakes in it, so they criticized it and corrected the wrong ones, and our scholars, old and new, took care of it, including the owners of dictionaries, as their works included criticisms of this phenomenon, and a statement of the most correct in the opinion of the critic. The places in which the substitutions were criticized, and because of their abundance, were selective choices, treated according to the old and modern dictionaries.

Abstract: The Holy Qur’an mentioned to us many stories of the prophets and messengers (God's blessings and peace be upon them) whom God Almighty sent to call their people to the straight path, and so that the prophets and messengers could carry out their calling duty towards their people, they began to discuss and debate with them. And the Noble Qur’an has transmitted to us a large part of these dialogues so that we can benefit from them by learning the means and methods of Da’wah they included their dialogues. And in Surat Maryam, the Holy Quran conveyed to us the dialogue of our master Abraham, peace be upon him, to his father. It is a rich dialogue - as we will see in this humble research - with the Da’wah means that our master Abraham, peace be upon him, used to convince his father; Therefore, we must stand on this dialogue and learn from our master Abraham, peace be upon him, the method of conducting dialogue with the dissenters, and how to include in our conversations the means of Da’wah, which will facilitate the persuasion of the violators and their inclusion in the ranks of those who agree and adhere to the religion. In order to identify the most important Da’wah methods that Abraham, peace be upon him, used, this research was divided into an introduction and three parts. In the introduction we mentioned a summary about master Abraham, peace be upon him, and his Da’wah. As for the three parts, we have devoted each part for two methods: the first part is devoted to  dialogue and softness, the second part is devoted to  mental persuasion and gradualism in da’wah, and the third part is devoted for encouragement and intimidation.

Abstract: Current research aims at knowing effect of learning together strategy on developing social interaction among pupils of special education . researcher adopted empirical design of two groups (control and experimental ) . sample was 3rd primary class pupils with special needs at center of nineveh city of the academic year 2022-2023 .sample consisted of (16) pupils with (8) at experimental and likewise in control group . researcher made a number of teaching plans as well as tool of social interaction reliability was achieved via passing a panel of referees ,and used re-test , stability was (0,82) using pearson conjunction factor experiment took place and after that tests took place on the two groups . data were handled statistically using (Man-witney) and (wilcox) tests results showed statistically significant differences between both groups in favor of experimental group in development of social interaction .thus researcher recommends necessity of adopting learning together strategy in teaching pupils of special needs and suggests making a similar study on other subject like reading.

Abstract: Aim of the current research is to study “ Effect of a suggested teaching program based on theory of dual code on visual culture and developing Scientific Interests of fourth primary class pupils in sciences”, sample was (80) pupils, with (40) pupils in experimental and control groups . Researcher made tools of research : test of visual culture (18) illustrated multiple choice items to test divided equally on three skills: (thinking, learning and communication) Reliability and stability were found using Kodur –Richardson -20 reaching (0,81)illustrated scale of Scientific Interests towards sciences of (22) items with (always, sometimes , never ) triple alternatives validity and stability of the scale were found using Kodur –Richardson -21 reaching (0,72)experiment took place at first semester of the academic year 2023-2024 after treating data statistically with SPSS program, results showed statistically significant differences between groups in visual culture, Scientific Interests towards specialization in favor of experimental group . Given these results, researcher made a number of suggestions and recommendations

Abstract:        The study aimed to identify the effect of using the scientific stations strategy in developing successful intelligence For fifth-grade female students in mathematics. two null hypotheses were formulated: The research sample consisted of (68) students from Homs Preparatory School for Girls in the center of Nineveh Governorate, It was divided into two groups, one of which represented the experimental group consisting of (33) female students who  studied using the scientific stations strategy, the other was a control group consisting of (35) female students who studied in the usual way, and equivalence was conducted between the two groups  in a number of variables. An experimental design with two equal groups was adopted, The researcher chose a ready-made tool to measure successful intelligence, which is the Sternberg Three-Aptitude Test, which was Arabized and modified by AI-Azzawi (2008).It was applied to the Iraqi environment, as the test contained(36) multiple-choice questions. The validity and stability of the scale was verified. The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2023-2024). the pre-test for successful intelligence was conducted on Tuesday (31-10-2023),and the implementation of lessons for the two groups began from Wednesday (1-11-2023), until Sunday (3-12-2023), and the post-test for successful intelligence was administered on Tuesday (5-12-2023)after  collecting the  data and analyzing it statistically, the results were .There is a statistically significant difference between the two research groups in developing successful intelligence for mathematics, in favor of the experimental group ,as well as developing successful intelligence for the pres- and post-applications of the experimental group ,in favor of the post application In light of the research results, the research  come up with a number of conclusions and presented several  recommendations as well as future propsals to complement the current research .

Abstract: The current research aims to identify the impact of climate on olive productivity in the Bashiqa area in Nineveh Governorate by studying the impact and relationship of climate elements such as rain, temperature, humidity and wind speed with olive productivity from the creation of buds to full maturity, the research consists of three sections, the first section examined the theoretical framework, and discussed The second section is the relationship between some elements of climate on the from side and the productivity of olives in the Bashiqa area on the other side, And the third section, the results, and among the most important results of the research, the presence of an direct or positive correlation between rain amounts and relative humidity in some periods of olive growth on the from side and olive productivity on the other side and the presence of an inverse or negative correlation between average temperatures and wind speed in some periods of olive growth on the from side and Olive productivity on the other side.

Abstract: The personality of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, may God bless his face, is considered one of the most prominent figures in the Islamic heritage. He is a beacon of knowledge, and there is hardly any of his chapters without his mark on it. It is no wonder that he is the cousin of the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, his son-in-law and his companion, and the protégé of the Prophetic school). The honorable one in which he was raised and killed, so there is no issue or dilemma that does not involve Abu Al-Hasan, may God bless his face) as the Companions say. In itself, he is a scholarly school. The pen is unable to write down all of his achievements, and minds are baffled by all his words. He is an ascetic of the world and the pillar of religion, and from all of this. My mind was guided and I was moved to write a scientific research that touched on some of his achievements under the title (Imam Ali, may God bless his face and opinion in scientific, social and administrative life).

Abstract: The research aims to analyze the spatial variation of land values ​​and rents in the city of Mosul and the reasons for this variation within the geography of cities as well as to shed light on the factors affecting the expansion of land uses in the city of Mosul, which results in a change in the type and location of land uses according to the ability of these uses to compete. It also has the occurrence of transgressions on the basic design of the city, which has an impact on the efficiency of the distribution of land uses in it, and the research relied on data obtained from real estate offices through a questionnaire designed for this purpose and distributed to some real estate offices in the study area In addition to a number of real estate owners and landlords within the field study program, as this data contributed to giving a realistic picture of land prices and real estate rents in the study area. Library sources and studies that looked at topics of this kind were also used, as well as field observations, personal observations and direct interviews. With a number of residents and real estate owners or landlords The research concluded that the most expensive prices for lands, housing units, and rents appeared in Al-Shurta neighborhood and the neighborhoods close to the University of Mosul as a result of the availability of services in them, as commercial use and the use of light industries dominate, and the prices of lands, houses, and rents decrease by moving away from the center area, due to the low population density compared to the central area due to the lack of services. and its old building, lack of planning, and the distance that results in difficult access.

Abstract: Southern Kurdistan is an area of attraction for the interests of major powers, especially in the second half of the nineteenth century until World War I, due to its economic and strategic importance. Britain, Tsarist Russia, Manba, and France worked during the period extending from the second half of the nineteenth century until World War I to find a foothold for themselves in Southern Kurdistan and the attempt to penetrate among the Kurdish clans.      This was represented in many ways, whether through diplomatic activity or travelers and archaeologists For their part, the Kurdish tribes in southern Kurdistan formed an important and distinguished part of the population in terms of their social and economic conditions. Therefore, foreign interests focused on trying to win the loyalty of the Kurdish tribes in southern Kurdistan on their side      This study was divided into three axes. The first dealt with giving a brief picture of the importance of the economic and social composition of the clan in southern Kurdistan .      The second axis touched on the diplomatic rivalry of major powers and their activity among the Kurdish clans in southern Kurdistan from the second half of the nineteenth century until World War I and the impact of that conflict on the Kurdish clans .      The third axis touched on the role of foreign travelers and archaeologists who visited Kurdish tribal areas in southern Kurdistan during the period from the second half of the nineteenth century until World War I in an attempt to establish their influence among the Kurdish clans in southern Kurdistan

Abstract: The study  of the  yazidis and  their social in life in   Mosul    From the  late  ottoman  era until the  year 1958 ad is  one  the  important topics  that  has attracted the  attention  of many researchers  in modern  history  .this many  research  deals  with studying the nature   of the social life of  the yazidis by  in traducins  of the  religious believe in  as the  social  customs  and tradition s of the  sect  yazidi which  lies folded in text of  The  researchers.  

Abstract: The subject of economic history receives wide attention from historians and economists alike, because of its clear connection and close relationship with the approach taken by countries to achieve the well, being of their individuals, which makes them economically distinct from other countries, therefore, historical– economic studies give a clear picture of  the economic facts, for countries, especially in the wake of the changes taking place in the world, and therefore the British government has always aspired to temain at the top of the industrial pyramid from this standpoint, the British economy went through during the conservative government of 1957-1963, through which the government tried Enacting legislation and laws to remove obstacles from industries, especially leading ones. 

Abstract: Crude oil is one of the most widely used fossil energy sources at the global level, and it is the main engine of the global economy, including the US economy, which still consumes about 20% of the world's daily oil consumption of 100 million / b / d. Therefore, the cessation of the arrival of crude oil or part of it to The United States is the obsession that preoccupies decision makers in American foreign policy. The United States was and still is, and perhaps will remain in the future, and in the short and medium term, seeking to ensure the flow of crude oil coming from abroad, by all legal and illegal means, and what wars and conflicts the United States fought and more From half a century of time in the areas where crude oil sources and near them, and around the supply routes of international trade only testify to the strategic role of crude oil in the energy policy of the United States.

Abstract: The current research aims to reveal: 1_ Identifying the values ​​of the biokinetic variables of the angles of the joints of the body when applying force to the effectiveness of pushing the weight by the rotation method. 2_ Identifying a set of performance errors in the research sample through a qualitative analysis of the effectiveness of pushing the weight in the rotation method and setting corrective exercises for it. Research problem The researchers believe that the rotation method may constitute a point of progress in achieving more numbers for this activity, in addition to the fact that previous research and studies did not address the reality of the biokinematic variables of the angles of the body joint when placing the force that accompanies this technical performance. Research hypotheses:  There are significant statistically significant differences between the tests (before - middle - dimensional) in a number of biomechanical variables for the angles of the body joint when applying force to the effectiveness of pushing the weight in the rotation method.  There are significant statistically significant differences between the tests (pre-test, median, and posterior) in the achievement of the effectiveness of pushing the weight using the rotation method. The researchers used the experimental method, and the research sample consisted of one of the heroes of Iraq in the effectiveness of pomace payment for the year (2022). It was presented to the experts, where the experts gave corrective exercises to the research sample by (4) exercises for a period of (14) weeks

Abstract: The current research aims to identify:- The level of existential presence among male and female physical education teachers in the Nineveh Education Directorate. - Statistical differences at the level of significance (0.05) in the level of existential presence of male and female physical education teachers in the Directorate of Education of Nineveh according to the variables males females. The researcher assumed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) in the level of existential presence of male and female education teachers. Sports in the Directorate of Education of Nineveh according to the variables (sex) males and females, and the researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the nature of the current research, and the sample of the current research included teachers of physical education in the Directorate of Education of Nineveh males and females, and the researcher used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting information, and the researcher standardized the existential attendance scale and applied The researcher tested the scale on the application sample after completing the procedures of psychometric characteristics (honesty and stability) to build and standardize tools, and the researcher used the statistical bag (spss25) to analyze the data and reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are:- The physical education teachers in the Nineveh Education Directorate have a high level of positive existential presence.- There are no statistically significant differences in the level of existential presence according to the gender variable (male-female).Keywords: existential presence

Abstract: Finding the relationship between a number of biomechanical variables for the body and arms at the end of the push and the highest height of the body in flight at (hopscotch, step, and leap) in the triple jump of the sample .      The research sample included four jumpers in the triple jump event who represented the elite Nineveh Governorate team, participants in the Iraqi club championships in track and field games, and those who obtained advanced positions for the 2021/2022 sports seasons. The category of applicants was chosen intentionally,. (3) Canon type photographic machines with a speed of (120) images per second were used, as they were perpendicular to the field of movement and from the jumper’s right side when he performed (the hopscotch, the step, and the jump) to study the biomechanical variables of the movement of the arms and the body under study. After giving the jumpers three attempts, the best of which was analyzed according to performance and achievement. The researchers used the statistical package (spss) to extract the arithmetic means, standard deviations, coefficient of variation %, and simple correlation coefficient (Pearson) and Probability and error rate (sig) to find the relationship between the biomechanical variables under study with achievement the analyzes done with kinovea programmer .

Abstract: The research aims to: 1-Building and legalizing the scale of legal knowledge of football for teachers and teachers of physical education in the city of Mosul. 2-Setting standard levels of raw grades for the legal cognitive scale. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey style to suit it and the nature of the current research. The current research community included teachers and teachers (male and female) of physical education in Mosul city center for the two academic years (2023/2024), numbering (827) teachers and teachers (male and female), (462) teachers, (121) teachers, (203) teachers and (41) schools distributed in primary, middle and preparatory schools in Mosul city center on the left and right coasts. The sample of building the scale consisted of (265) teachers and teachers (male and female) who were selected randomly, thus representing (32.04%) of the total research community. As for the sample application of the scale, it included (95) teachers and teachers (male and female) who were selected randomly, thus representing (11.48%) of the total research community. The researcher identified the stability sample from the research community of (30) teachers (male and female), and the stability sample represented (3.62%) of the total research community. While the sample of the survey experiment for the scale consisted of(15) teachers and teachers (male and female), thus the sample of the survey experiment represented (1.81%) of the total research community.The researcher used content analysis, questionnaire form and scientific sources to collect data. To build the scale, the researcher followed the scientific steps in order to reach the construction of the legal knowledge of football for teachers and teachers of physical education in Mosul city center. Thus, the researcher reached the construction and codification of the legal knowledge of football for teachers and teachers of physical education in the center of Mosul, which consists of (36) paragraphs. The researcher reached the standard levels of raw grades for teachers and teachers (male and female) in the scale of legal knowledge of football.

Abstract: The aim of the research is to identify: 1- The effect of a proposed training program according to the cross-sectional method and the method used in developing some functional and skill variables among handball players. 2- The differences between the cross method and the method used in developing some functional and skill variables among handball players.  The experimental method was used to suit the nature of the research, and the research sample was determined from handball players in the Al-Hashd Club, the youth category, as they were selected by a simple random method and were divided into two experimental and control groups. As for the research tool, it represented some functional and skill variables in handball, and the availability of homogeneity was confirmed. And parity between the two research groups in the research variables. The training program lasted for a period of eight weeks. After completing the implementation of the program and applying the post-tests, the data was collected and processed using appropriate statistical methods represented by the t-test for independent samples and correlated samples and extracting the effect size. A set of conclusions were reached, including :- The size of the effect of the training program based on the cross-training method was better and to a large degree compared to the training method followed in all skill and functional variables except for the variables (vo2max and fatigue index), as the size of the effect of the training program based on the cross-training method was better and to a small degree compared to the training method. The follower. The study recommended emphasizing the use of the cross-training method as better than the method used in developing specific functional and skill variables.

Abstract: The current research aims to: Identifying the effectiveness of special speed exercises on some physical variables for badminton players. The researcher assumed: -There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the experimental group badminton players. -There are no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in some physical variables for the control group badminton players. -There are no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in some physical variables for badminton players in the post-test. The researcher used the experimental method due to its suitability to the type and nature of this research, using an experimental design with measurement (pre- and post-test) for the experimental and control groups. The research community included students of the second stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the academic year 2022/2023, where the research sample consists of (30) players, and they were chosen intentionally, divided as follows: (12) players as an experimental sample, (12) players as a control sample, and (6) players as a control sample.) players as an exploratory sample. Homogeneity was carried out for the research sample in growth variables and parity in some physical variables. The researcher used the SPSS statistical package to analyze the data statistically.

Abstract: The research aims to reveal the effect of Swiss ball exercises on some physical variables for the players of the experimental group, as well as the effect of Swiss ball exercises on some basic skills for the players of the experimental group, as well as to compare the two research groups (control and experimental) in some physical variables in the post-test for the football players. In addition to the comparison between the two research groups (control and experimental) in some basic football skills. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research. The research sample consisted of (32) players from the Mosul Youth Sports Club in football, representing 75% of the research community. The sample was divided into two groups (experimental and control) by following the selection method. Randomly using a lottery, there were (12) players for the experimental group and (12) players for the control group. The players who did not complete the tests and the players who could not commit to the experiment were excluded. Their number was (5) players, in addition to the goalkeepers being excluded, their number was (3) goalkeepers. Achieving homogeneity in the variables (age, height, weight, and training age), and parity between the two research groups in the physical and skill traits that were determined by the specialists.   The experimental design, which is called a random-selection control group design with a pre- and post-test, was adopted. The experimental design was adopted, which is called a random-selection control group design with a pre- and post-test. The data was processed statistically using the SPSS program to obtain (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, skewness coefficient, percentage, t-test for linked samples, and t-test for paired samples). Independent).

Abstract: The current research aimed to know the effect of the question-based learning strategy on developing innovative thinking among fifth-grade pupils in science. In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher put three zero hypotheses, and the research was limited to fifth-grade pupils in (Al-Baqi’) and (Manarat Al-Mosul) primary schools for boys for the academic year (2021-2022) in Nineveh Governorate, The researcher used the experimental design with two equal groups, as the experimental group studied according to the question-based learning strategy, while the control group studied according to the usual method. The size of the research sample was (60) pupils, with (30) pupils in  experimental group and (30) pupils in control group. The researcher prepared a test of innovative thinking in science, consisting of three skills (fluency, flexibility, and originality) and the number of its parts was (10). The results showed the following There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average difference (development) for the scores of the experimental group pupils who studied according to the question-based learning strategy and the average difference (development) for the scores of the control group pupils who studied according to the usual method in the pre and posttests of innovative thinking and in the benefit of the  Experimental group

Abstract: Three radiation doses (150, 200 and 250 J) were used using gamma rays and the effect of irradiation was studied on the apparent and productive characteristics of the barley crop.The study showed that the studied radiation doses showed the presence of significant differences in some productive characteristics of the barley crop in the fourth generation, especially in the number of grains in the spike and the length of the spike. For the barley crop and the beginning of the appearance of differences in the studied traits, as for the rest of the traits, the non-irradiated control (ACSAD 176) outperformed the radiation levels used in this experiment.When studying the percentage of germination, the gradient was normal, so the percentage of germination increased with the decrease in the radiation dose, and this happened in the characteristic of the average grain weight in the spike, the number of leaves, and the characteristic of plant length. The control was superior, followed by the dose (200 runs). Through the results, it was observed that the differences in the radiation doses appeared, and the beginning of some radiation levels exceeding the control (ACSAD 176), which is not irradiated, and waiting for the stability of this superiority in the coming years, as proven by future experiments.

Abstract: A simple, rapid and sensitive spectroflurometric method has been developed for the determination of trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFPH), promethazine hydrochloride (PRO), and dimetindene maleate (DIM) in pure and dosage forms. The method was based on the quantitative quenching effect of studied drugs on the native fluorescence of phloxine B due to formation of nonfluorescent ion association complexes between the studied drugs and phloxine B dye in acetate buffer solution (pH4.0) for TFPH or in citrate buffer (pH3.5) for PRO or phthalate buffer (pH4.0) for DIM. The decrease of phloxine B fluorescence was observed at 558 nm after excitation at 471nm. The relationship between quenching fluorescence intensity and concentration of determined drugs were linear in the range of 1.0-10, 0.5-14 and 0.5-10 µg/ml with detection limits of 0.112, 0.109, 0.073 µg/ml and quantitative limits of 0.374, 0.362, 0.243 µg/ml for TFPH, PRO and DIM respectively. The accuracy (average recovery) was ranged between 98.81 and 100.03% and precision (RSD%) is less than 0.90%. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of studied drugs in pharmaceutical formulations with no interferences. The results were in agreement with certified values of pharmaceutical formations and also with standard addition procedure and standard method applied in state company for drugs in dustry and medical appliance, SDI-Samara.

Abstract: This research included the preparation of a new type of activated carbon using the stems of eucalyptus trees obtained from the forests of the city of Mosul. It was found that this type of prepared carbon is of the nano type whose particle size is less than (100 nm), as its particle sizes ranged from (41.11, 58.64, 65.27 nm). This type of carbon was used to remove Vitavax pesticide, (in which the active substance is the carboxine) from its aqueous solutions. This research included the application of the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, and the results showed that the practical data of the system under study follows more of the Langmuir isotherms. This is indicated by the high (R²) values, where the R² value of Freundlich was (0.9825), while the Langmuir value of R² was (0.991). The thermodynamic study of adsorption in the system under consideration showed that it is a spontaneous process through (negative Go∆) values and leads to greater uniformity after the adsorption process, in addition to the force that controls the bond between the pesticide and the carbon surface, are physical forces (∆H = -8.558). The research also included the application of four kinetic models on the practical data of the system under study, namely, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra particle diffusion. The results showed that the adsorption system used in this research follows the pseudo second-order reaction equation, and that the process of intra particle molecular diffusion is not the only mechanism that dominates the adsorption process.

Abstract: The contains an introduction about folic acid (Pteroyl-L-Glutamic acid), as it is one of vitamin B group and plys amajor role in the vital functions of the metabolism cells, such as DNA replication, The aocesses of repairing and synthesis of nucleotides and amino acid, And composition of red blood cells in the bone marrow the rapeutically folic acid provents the probability of birth defects and improves the performace of the memory. It also helps in heart diseases treatinent by controlling homocystine levels in blood. The shortage of folic acid affects the stability of DNA and may lead to increasing the risk of colon and rectal concer infection and defects in the neural tube.The deals with apresentation of the methods thatare used for estimating folic acid in pharmaceutical and foods products. They includes spectroscopic electronic and chromatographic methods. As for the spectroscopic methods, They based on using multiple reagents for estimation under suitable conditions, Through applyin either oxidative coupling organic reactions by interacting with the following systems (Phenothiazine-sodium metapyriodate in acidic media, Ortho-aminophynol-potassium iodate in acidic media, Phenoxazine-sodium metapyriodate in acidic media), or using diazotizition coupling reactions for the direct determination of folic acid through its during his diazotizition and coupling, or resorcinol reagent to form an azo dye product or indirect during diazotizition the fission of the reductive folic acid (Para – amino benzoyl glutamic acid) and its coupling with reagents imino di benzyl and 3-amino phenol detectors, And the two azo dyes at 580 and 460 nm respectively.

Abstract: The study dealt with an extensive overview of the Elisa device, and what is the idea of its work, with a study of the spectrophotometer device, which is one of the classic devices that has a business idea close to the idea of Elisa work, and a comparison between the two devices. The techniques or strategies in which the device operates were studied and each type of which differed in the method of procedure and work steps as well as the accuracy of measurement. The results of each of the two devices were studied, as the safranin dye was used and the color intensity was measured, which is a reflection of the strength of the dye or color in each of them, and the data was tabulated and its results studied. The study showed that the ELISA reader was more accurate in the measurement process compared to the spectrophotometer. It was noticed that the ELISA technique is easy to measure, with the possibility of measuring a group of samples in one procedure instead of repeating the procedures with each sample as in the spectrometer, which could lead to contamination, especially when using sensitive samples or biological samples, noting that the time period needed by the ELISA reader is relatively less than the period required by the spectrometer device

Abstract: Summary of the study ( A Syntactic Analysis of Delexical verbs in English )Generally, verbs are words that describe actions, for example (run, play, swim, drink……etc.) They tell us what someone is doing. In cases where verbs depend on the nouns they are paired with to convey their meaning ,we refer to these verbs as ‘delexical’or weak verbs. This means that the verbs lose their traditional meaning ,and instead form a collocation with the following noun. The term ‘delexical verbs’ implies that the verb primarily serves as a functionally empty auxiliary , with the majority of semantic meaning conveyed by the deverbal noun.This study assumes that university students face difficulties in recognizing using delexical verbs. In order to prove this assumption a test has been given to a group of (60) students at their third year, English department ,college of Basic Education ,University of Mosul .The results then have been collected and analyzed.

Abstract: The present study tackles the phenomenon of ‘tatheel’ in the Noble Quran, which is often apparent at the end of many Quranic ayat and it has a link with what precedes it. Tatheel is a rhetorical tool used for emphasis in the Arabic language, specifically in the Noble Quran. Due to the uniqueness of the Quarn language in using this style, it might be a throny issue in the process of translation. Subsequently, the translators might have a difficulty in recognizing the rhetorical and semantic features of this phenomenon. The current study aims at exploring tatheel types according to the linguistic context, it also investigates to what extent translators manage to obtain the accurate semantic and rhetorical aspects of tatheel sentences in their renditions. It is hypothesized that functions of tatheel are not well realized and can not be rendered accurately into the target language leading to improper translation. The study concludes that the translations lack the accurate equivalence of tatheel ayat in the target language because of the translators’ misunderstanding of this phenomenon and the miraculous nature of the Noble Quran.

Abstract: The research tackles the potential challenged faced the translator when dealing with the literal  translation of nowadays political terms in media. Despite the universal complexity of translating political jargon, adopting literal translation introduces an added layer of intricacy. The primary aim of literal translation is to maintain faithfulness to the original text, irrespective of whether it is in English or Arabic. However, this method presents several challenges within the linguistic and cultural dimensions. Drawing upon scholarly sources, this article expounds upon the multifaceted issues that emerge from the verbatim translation of political terms from English into Arabic. These problems include political culture, language differences, contextual incongruities, dialects, political abbreviations and symbols, and the complexity of terminology with dual or composite meanings. The study comes to the conclusion that a skilled translator must possess an exhaustive comprehension of political discourse to ensure accurate and contextually suitable translations while embracing versatile methodologies that uphold the authenticity of cultural subtleties. Furthermore, the evolving role of the translator is underscored in response to the dynamic Global and Linguistic  landscapes  and international events. and international events.

Abstract: English is one of various languages such as Swedish, Korean, Telugu and Arabic which studied gender’s effect on voice onset time (VOT.). This research mainly investigates the impact of gender on the VOT of the voiceless stop consonants related specifically to Iraqi Mosuli EFL learners to see if there are certain variations in their VOT values or not. In this research, 20 Mosuli Iraqi EFL (male and female) learners from fourth- year, the Department of English, College of Education for Humanities and College of the Arts, the University of Mosul took part. VOT. values of /p, t, k/ are followed and are preceded by the long vowel /i:/, in three different positions in isolation are measured to give an overall view of the students’ production of the stops and to see if there is certain variation between the subjects, measurements or not. Results show that there are certain variations between male and female averages of the stops in which male participants tend to produce longer values than female one in isolation. This research concludes that males’ production of stops are better than females’ ones in initial and medial positions while female production of unreleased stops are better than male in final position. In addition to the physiological articulators’ differences, we may also infer that academic and practical study in first and second year for both genders are not sufficient to enhance better pronunciation of the stops. Therefore, this research may recommend further practical and academic study for both genders