Abstract: The current research aims to:- Identifying the effect of the experimental group’s flipped classroom strategy in developing the most important teaching competencies for students applied between the pre- and post-tests.- Identifying the impact of the strategy used by the control group in developing the most important teaching competencies for students applied between the pre- and post-tests.- Identifying the statistical differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-tests in developing the most important teaching competencies for applied students.The researchers hypothesized a number of hypotheses:- There are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in developing the most important teaching competencies for students applied to the experimental group that studied according to the flipped classroom strategy.- There are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in developing the most important teaching competencies for students applied to the control group that studied according to the followed strategy.- There are significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-tests in developing the most important teaching competencies for applied students. 

Abstract: The research aims to improve the special physical capabilities and the level of performance of the straight attack for young female fencing players with fencing weapons through: a proposed training program using competitive exercises according to the rhythmic movement patterns. The researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability to the nature of the research. One of the most important results of this study was that the competitive exercises led to an improvement in the special physical capabilities and the level of performance of the straight attack according to the vital rhythm pattern of each youth for the sport of fencing.The researcher also concluded that the competitive exercises, according to the vital rhythm patterns, improved the physical capabilities of a high rate, which are as follows: The percentage of improvement in the ability of accuracy amounted to (75%), the percentage of improvement in the ability of reaction speed (70%), the percentage of improvement in strength characterized by speed (60%), the percentage of improvement in the ability of compatibility (60%) Also, the competitive exercises according to the vital rhythm patterns led to an improvement in the performance level of the accuracy of shooting the straight attack by (64%)  

Abstract:  The reason for the spread of this phenomenon is the lack of control over border crossings, so the research aimed to identify the reasons behind the spread of drug abuse through a field study on the inmates of the Anbar Rehabilitation Centre by identifying the aura that the user forms about the drug, as well as the role of psychological pressure suffered by the addict, in addition tothe role of psychological pressure suffered by the addict, in addition to identifying the role of media propaganda in pushing the user to addiction by answering the main question, What are the most important reasons and factors leading to drug abuse by identifying the social aura? A questionnaire was developed by reviewing the previous literature and was subjected to apparent honesty by presenting it to a number of specialists in the field of education and psychology, and the coefficient of honesty was calculated, where the coefficient of 80/0 of the research results were significant indicators that appeared through statistical analysis of the study sample for the three dimensions: aura, psychological pressure relief, and media propaganda in pushing the user to addiction. In the aura dimension, the paragraph I expect drugs to give the individual strength to face life difficulties ranked first with an arithmetic mean of 4.45, "I believe that drugs are a unique magical experience" came in second place, and "I expect drugs to contribute to increasing thinking" came in third place, while in the psychological pressure dimension, "I believe that drugs are the best way to eliminate worries" came in first place with a mean of 4. In the third dimension after media propaganda, the paragraph I think there is no harm in trying drugs once ranked first with a computational average of 4.33, 

Abstract: This research came to monitor violations and negatives in society, especially the youth group, and shed light on some of the risks that adolescents and young people face, and among these risks is drug addiction... which may cause them severe psychological, health and social damage... and it is the duty of those in charge of raising adolescents to realize the extent of the seriousness of this matter. On the emerging generation, and take what is necessary before it is too late and the loss of a generation of young people who are the builders of the future and the country’s hope for a better future.

Abstract: This study investigates the production of ZnO NPs by the green method and the effects of these nanoparticles on plant growth. Artemisia abrotanum L. leaf extract was used as a chelating and capping agent. It was found that the Artemisia abrotanum L. leaf extract has the potential to biosynthesize ZnO NPs. FT-IR, UV-Vis, XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX techniques were utilized in this study. The energy band gap of ZnO-NPs was calculated to be around 2.48 eV. The average size crystal structure of NPs was 50.29 nm, as confirmed by XRD. However, the ZnO nanoparticles have a nanorod shape with a size of 66.93 nm, as evaluated by FE-SEM, and the EDX confirmed that the sample is pure ZnO nanoparticles. In addition, The nanoparticles were used to grow Lepidium sativum L. plants. The total growth of Lepidium sativum L. dramatically increased with the use of ZnO NPs, and the content of natural dyes like chlorophyll a and b increased twofold compared to the control. It was explained that zinc oxide nanoparticles are a good candidate for growing plants instead of chemical fertilizers.

Abstract: The current study aims to identify the psychological pressures among drug users. A purposive sample of (100) drug users was selected from among the drug abusers placed in the General Directorate of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Affairs (Anbar Rehabilitation Center - Ramadi). The researchers built a scale (psychological pressures) and the characteristics were verified. The psychometrics of the scale, in terms of its validity and reliability, and after applying the tool to the research sample, the researchers collected the data and processed it statistically and using the statistical package program (spss). After applying the scale to the study sample, the results were reached, and in light of the research results, the researchers concluded that the research sample of drug users had stress. Psychologically, there are statistically significant differences according to the variables of the study, and recommendations and proposals have been developed.

Abstract: The problem of drug abuse is one of the most important scourges of society in our modern era, as its spread increases day after day in many countries of the world, and what makes matters worse is the emergence of new types of drugs whose chemical composition and source are unknown. There are many types of drugs, all of which pose serious health risks, the most important of which is addiction, which is represented by many behavioral and physiological phenomena and practices that develop upon repeated use of these narcotic substances. Mostly, it leads to a strong and urgent desire and need for continuous consumption and dependence on it in daily life, despite the harmful consequences that the addict suffers from, as well as the appearance of its withdrawal symptoms. Drugs include many types, some of which are extracted naturally from plants and some of which are chemically manufactured in laboratories. Without exception, all of them pose a real danger to physical and psychological health and may often lead to death. Narcotic substances are divided according to several factors, including their effect. On humans, the severity of addiction to it, as well as its chemical composition, etc. Plants produce a wide range of secondary metabolites as a defense as they strive to survive. These secondary metabolites include many alkaloids, most of which are used as narcotic substances. These chemicals often serve to deter plant-harming herbivores or to protect against pathogens and bush damage near plant roots, as well as to mitigate the effects of plant-harming radiation. Interestingly, many of these chemical compounds have the ability to interact with the human body in specific ways, from organ failure and death to reactions that lead to useful and life-saving medications.

Abstract: There are two different readings of Al-Sakkaki’s role and achievement in the history of Arabic rhetoric. The first is represented by the ancients’ celebration of the third section of (Al-Miftah), and their adoption of it as the final formula of Arabic rhetoric. In the second reading, many contemporaries considered his work in complicating rhetoric, arranging its topics, and dividing it into its three sciences, as killing the spirit of literature, that reached its peak in Al-Jurjani’s books: “Dala'il Al 'Ejaz” and “Asrar Al-Balagha,” and they blamed him for the stagnation and dryness that afflicted rhetorical research in the centuries following the era of Al-Sakkaki. The research tried to balance Al-Sakkaki’s eloquence, which has been proven over centuries, and continues to delineate its method for Arabic rhetoric , and controlled its movement, and among the severe criticisms directed at it, and attempted to undermine the foundations on which it was founded. The research presented a new reading of the history of rhetoric with its multiple tributaries, the paths of each of them, the efforts made in it, and its impact on rhetorical research. It was seen - in light of this reading - that contemporaries reduced the history of rhetoric to one of its tributaries, which is rhetorical criticism, which was titled “Al-Badi'” and therefore they focused on taste and rejecting the traditionalism and standardization that eloquence led to at the hands of Al-Sakkaki.  

Abstract: The current research shows the way in which prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) embedded the true Islamic ideology in the souls of the Muslim young people and provided them with the correct teachings of his pure Sunnah so that they can confront the extreme and deviated thoughts that might affect the way of thinking of this category of the Islamic community.                                                                                                 So, the researcher endeavored to manifest the objective of the research, which is fortifying the young people’s minds against the intellectual invasion as the way of thinking is the vital pillar that the behaviors of human rest upon and the path of the development for nations and peoples and the means by which minds flourish and skills are developed. To accomplish these aims, the researcher followed the prophetic educational and analytical procedures in terms of guidance in order to achieve the intellectual balance for the youth.

Abstract: The research aims at suggesting a mechanism for activating sports activities in Mosul city from the physical education teachers’ perspectives. The researcher used a descriptive-survey method as a study design. The sample of the study consisted of 65 males and females physical education teachers in the city of Mosul. That is, the ratio of the sample was (38, 23 %)which was chosen purposely from the population of (170) teachers. To achieve the aim of the research, a questionnaire was prepared and contained (34) items distributed into four dimensions (Physical and logistical capabilities, the teacher and  physical education lesson, Administrative and technical, local community. Data was analysed by using the Weighted Mean, Materiality and Cronbach's alpha. The study reached the following ranking to the dimensions according to the weighted mean: The first dimension:Administrative and technical The second dimension: The teacher and  physical education lesson The third dimension: Physical and logistical capabilities The fourth dimension:Local community In light of the results obtained, the researcher offered some recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract: fter Ahmed Ben Bella, in his last coup, managed to seize control of the reins of government from the Prime Minister of Algeria, Youssef Ben Khadda, in a military manner in cooperation with the states allied with him, which worked to make his coup successful in controlling power through a military coup that left hundreds dead, and this coup did not end, the furthest handing over of power from Youssef Ben Khadda was accepted into the political office headed by Ben Bella, but the latter wanted to formalize his military coup by entering into the elections for the Constituent Assembly and taking away the political nature of his military coup. However, President Ahmed Ben Bella faced a military coup led by the historical leader Hussein Ait Ahmed in 1963.

Abstract: Motor learning is witnessing great development, especially in the field of children learning some sports, including swimming, which requires us to use new and advanced methods of learning, as it is necessary to create a renewed environment through suspense and excitement to remove the fear factor among children from the water environment using swimming games. The study aims to identify the effect of a swimming games program on learning a freestyle swimming for beginners aged (6-7) years. The study sample was determined from those wishing to learn to swim (beginners) who were not proficient in swimming, and the number was (20) beginners. They were divided randomly into two groups, experimental and control, with (10) beginners for each group. Thus, the sample percentage is (66.66%). The experimental method was also used to suit the nature of the problem. Then they were given two introductory units. Pre-tests were then conducted, after which the experimental sample was subjected to a curriculum that included a group of swimming games that were included in the main section of the educational unit. The total number of educational units reached 24 educational units over a period of (8) weeks, with two educational units per week. As for the control group, it continued to implement its traditional curriculum, with three educational units per week. As for the data, it was dealt with using the appropriate statistical method. The most important conclusions are that Swimming games have a positive effect on learning freestyle swimming.

Abstract: Strength is the most important variable in the development of swimmers, especially explosive power, because of its effect on starting (sprinting) in the sport of swimming. Therefore, the researcher decided to develop the start of running in swimming by developing the explosive power of swimmers. The problem with the research lies in the lack of use of special exercises that are related to performance by developing strength from the starting platform. The research aims to reveal the effect of some explosive strength exercises on some biokinematic variables in the style of starting a run in swimming, by designing a set of special exercises that are given from the starting platform, in addition to a set of reinforcement exercises in order to raise the level of swimmers at the start.

Abstract: The researcher used the experimental method in the style of equal groups, and the sample of the research was chosen from them (20) randomly, and they were randomly divided into two groups. (10) for each group by simple lottery method. The homogeneity and equivalence of the investigated variables was conducted. The training period lasted 8 weeks with two training units. The statistical bag (spss) was used to process statistics Conclusions. In light of the above, the researcher reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: The development of experimental group in the tests change direction without a ball due to the effectiveness of the exercises used in the training curriculum, which strengthened the rapid strength of the muscles of the two men working in reducing these distances. Emphasis on the development of muscle strength of different muscles of the body, especially the muscles of the two legs and trunk to ensure the increase efficiency and strength and speed of the member in charge of performance in the movements of changing direction.

Abstract: Researchers and specialists in the field of sports injuries and prevention on the one hand, and biomechanics on the other hand, seek to find the best ways and means to raise the level and abilities of athletes according to scientific foundations, especially when there is an urgent need to research one of the topics that athletes in racket sports events (tennis) have long suffered from. As well as athletics events (javelin throwing), which are injuries to the tennis elbow. The research aimed to prepare special preventive-mechanical exercises (Tennis Elbow) to improve the range of motion and strength of the lateral humerus muscles among tennis players and advanced javelin throwers, and to identify the effect of these exercises in both groups alike and to compare (percentage of development) for all variables in the post-tests. – Dimensional. The problem of the research centered on the importance of protecting players from the common injuries to which they are exposed to players in racket sports events (tennis), as well as players in athletics events (javelin throwers), who always resemble the type of potential injury, which is (Tennis Elbow), due to their excessive use of muscles and tendons when serving and when serving. Throwing according to his specialty. Therefore, the researchers decided to try a combination of strength-specific exercises (pullover, bungee under a hammer, incline bungee, pull-up), as well as exercises for flexibility (with rubber ropes), and finally exercises for (medicine balls). The researchers used the experimental method with two experimental groups for the variables under study. The research sample included two groups of elite athletes. The first group included (6) advanced tennis players, while the second group included (6) advanced javelin throwers. Field tests related to strength and flexibility (Tennis Elbow) were conducted for both groups, after which the training program was implemented, which included (12) training units for a period of eight weeks at a rate of two preventive training units per week targeting the main part of the unit. The researchers concluded several conclusions, the most important of which is that the prepared exercises had a clear effect on the sample members for both groups through the significance of the significant differences between the pre- and post-tests. In light of the results, the researchers recommended the necessity of applying these exercises, which were prepared according to mechanical principles, with other activities that would prevent possible injuries in the body. the future.

Abstract: The Arabic language is one of the living languages that grows and develops. It is the most eloquent language and the richest because of its vocabulary that exceeds other languages. The Holy Qur’an is credited with keeping the Arabic language alive until it is monitored, and it bears witness to the Arabs as a nation whose Arabic language and pronunciation are in accordance with the Book of our Lord, and the Holy Qur’an has meanings. Primary, which are the meanings of his words and sentences, and second meanings, which have meanings together from his wonderful system, so presenting a word in one verse and its last in another gives a second meaning other than the meaning given by words, and introducing a word or delaying a delay is only for a reason and for its purposes, and likewise deletion is not in vain. It comes to the existence of benefits such as exaggeration and greatness, brevity and abbreviation, and other benefits of eloquence, so I decided to study in this research the significance of deletion, precedence, and delay in Surat Al-Sajdah. This is to clarify the explanatory meanings that prominent commentators have noticed by explaining their value and impact in enriching the interpretive meaning.

Abstract: The researchers wanted to highlight the goal of the research by designing and implementing a proposed device to develop the skill of the side throw for the Al-Qadisiyah University football team. The experimental method was used to avoid the research problem. The research sample consisted of (14) players from the advanced category, namely (Al-Qadisiyah University football team). Their pre-measurements were collected (height, weight, overhead throw-in test, arm strength test). A device for developing the side throw-in skill was prepared and implemented by the researcher. Given the absence of such a device for this skill, the main experiment and the post-test were conducted. And to verify the sample data to facilitate its statistical processing, the results of the pre- and post-arithmetic calculations for the experimental group were compared and processed statistically. After that, the most important conclusions were reached, which is that the device has a positive effect in increasing the research sample’s indicators of muscular strength and throw-in distance.

Abstract: The importance of rehabilitation exercises lies in strengthening the lower back muscle groups, as these exercises provided different resistances to the study sample members, in line with increasing the range of motion, improving the strength of the back muscles, and allowing them to return to their normal lives, and there is no need to resort to painkillers to obtain the expected benefits of the study. By studying the problem, the researchers decided to develop rehabilitation exercises with different resistances for patients with lumbar disc herniation to improve the strength of the muscles working on the spine, and thus rehabilitate athletes to improve their ability and ability to work normally. His ability to move. The study aimed to identify the effect of rehabilitation programs with different resistances on the maximum strength and range of motion of the spinal muscles in injured athletes. The researchers used experimental methods and designed an experimental group to perform rehabilitation through the prepared program. The researcher considered that the injury test that was chosen as a subject for the study was (maximum strength and range of motion of the back muscles) due to a period of one (3) week and (3) week rehabilitation units. After presenting, analyzing and discussing the results in Chapter Four, the researchers reached a series of conclusions, including that the strength and range of motion of the back muscles had improved well. Through these findings, the researchers suggested the necessity of using rehabilitation training. For athletes suffering from a herniated disc, especially the affected area and the surrounding muscles, after the injury has healed, it has a positive effect on stimulating the affected area and accelerating the arrival of the necessary materials for tissue regeneration.

Abstract: The research goal is to: A comparative study between the skill performance of some basic football skills using legal balls and the balls used in practical lectures. The researchers used the descriptive approach to suit it and the subject of the research. The research population was intentional from the first academic stage, where they were chosen intentionally because this stage teaches the basic skills of football. As for the research sample, it consisted of (15) male students only who were chosen randomly. The researchers presented a questionnaire to those with experience and specialization to find out the appropriate skills for the study. These skills were the skill of controlling and controlling the ball, the skill of scoring, and the skill of handling. The researchers used the following tests to measure the performance of the sample on the skills chosen by the experts. These tests are (the test of control and basic control of the ball, and the test of scoring balls. And the handling test towards a small target 20 meters away. The researchers used the following statistical methods: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test for non-independent samples, SPSS statistical package). The researchers concluded that there was a difference in the sample’s performance in the two tests, as the sample’s performance was better using legal balls. The researchers recommend the necessity of using balls that conform to the rules of the game and in all sporting events because they have a clear impact on the quality of performance and thus improve the learning process for students in the colleges of physical education and sports sciences.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the vision of the three celestial religions on the subject of drug prevention and reducing its spread, while studying the relationship between religiosity and drug use among young people by focusing on the three aspects of religiosity: (practice, belief, and belonging). The study concluded that the protective effect of religiosity is evident in the health of the individual and the way he relates to his environment, affects all aspects of his life, especially the social sphere (work, family, relationships, education, etc.). The researchers aim that one's religion helps one cope with one's struggles in life and gives context or meaning to one's suffering. Moreover, the more religious an individual is, the more self-control he has, self-esteem, a healthier lifestyle becomes, and his tendency to avoid risky behaviors increases. Religiosity tends to have a positive impact on positive social values and promotes helping individuals cope with stressors, including drug use, which gives strong evidence that religiosity can have a protective effect on many important areas of individuals ' lives.

Abstract:   Drugs constitute a global war on humanity, as they attack the most important feature that distinguishes humans from other creatures, namely the mind. The danger bells are tolling and the society has descended into a downward spiral. This phenomenon has been almost irrelevant to our society, especially in Iraq, which is one of the most polluted countries in the Middle East, according to a report prepared by the United Nations, in those years, Iraq was the only country in the region free of drugs, but the problem lies in the political and social circumstances that have ravaged the country in recent times, turning Iraq from a drug transporter to a consumer in the last two decades. According to specialists, drug trafficking and abuse in the country has reached unprecedented horizons, it is devouring the body of the society and now it is strongly present. Therefore, I chose to contribute this research with the aim of focusing on (The Role of Islamic Values in Drug Prevention). Instilling Islamic values, urging adherence to Islamic law and adherence to it as a curriculum of life, explaining the attitude towards drug use and detailing the consequences of its harms and dangers that threaten the security of the individual, family and society are among the most effective means of reducing this serious issue that is plaguing societies

Abstract: The research aims to identify the relationship between the explosive power of the striking arm to the accuracy of the overhand serve among Qaraqosh Sports Club volleyball players.The researchers hypothesized that there were significant differences between the explosive power of the striking arm and the accuracy of the overhand among Qaraqosh Sports Club players.The researchers adopted the descriptive approach for its suitability and the nature of the research , and the research community was represented by the Qaraqosh Sports Club advanced players of volleyball for the sports season (2018-2019) , who numbered (20) players. The research sample included (14) players. The variables were homogeneous among them (height, mass, and chronological age). The researchers used questionnaire forms, tests, standards, sources, and scientific references as tools to achieve the research goal. A test of the explosive power of the arms and a test of the accuracy of the performance of the overhand serve skill in volleyball to suit the research sample , for the period from 4/2/2018 to 4/4/2018, and the SPSS statistical package was used to process the data statistically.                                                               The researchers concluded that the explosive power of the arms positively affects the accuracy of performing the skill of overhand serve in volleyball through the presence of significant relationships between them. The researchers recommended emphasizing the presence of training programs that are concerned with developing the explosive power of the arms within the physical, skill and tactical preparation programs for volleyball players , because this has a significant impact on the level of basic skills in the game, especially the serve.

Abstract: The multi-dimensional investor or backpack problem is an important and well-known difficult constrained combinatorial optimization problem in operations research and optimization. Nowadays, algorithms inspired by nature have become extremely important in solving many mathematical problems, including the investor’s portfolio problem. In order to reach the best solutions, this research reviewed the bat algorithm and the updates that occurred to it in solving this problem.  

Abstract: The COVID-19 crisis prompted a widespread shift towards e-learning as a means of continuing education while traditional classrooms and in-person studies were disrupted. In response, 102 countries implemented online learning as students were compelled to adapt to this new mode of study. To investigate the challenges of e-learning, researchers focused on the perspective of students at the University of Mosul, specifically those enrolled in education and sports sciences programs. The study sample consisted of 120 male and female students, who were surveyed on their perceptions of obstacles to distance education. The collected data was analyzed using statistical methods, with the assistance of the Minitab 18 program. The research findings revealed the following ranking of obstacles to e-learning, as perceived by the students: lack of technical support, inadequate electronic technical skills of teachers, insufficient university infrastructure, and lack of student experience. These conclusions highlight the key barriers that students face when engaging in e-learning at the University of Mosul. It is important to consider that the findings are specific to this particular group of students and may not be representative of other universities or academic disciplines. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the research may have additional limitations that were not mentioned in the provided information.

Abstract: Abstract:This research examines various forms of deviation from the apparent meaning in Surah Al-Imran, employing a rhetorical analysis. The study delves into the phenomenon of speech deviation from the apparent meaning, analyzing its manifestations, and exploring the rhetorical devices employed, such as diversion, manifestation, ellipsis, expressing the past through future terminology, and vice versa. The research aims to uncover the rhetorical secrets behind these linguistic deviations.At the conclusion of the study, the researcher arrived at several key findings, notably that the examination of this linguistic phenomenon revealed some artistic techniques that justify the transition from implicit to explicit and vice versa. The study also highlights the significance of various forms of speech deviation, such as diversion and expressing the past through future terminology, as important rhetorical methods discussed by scholars of rhetoric and interpretation. These methods play a crucial role in conveying meanings to the reader more clearly.