الملخص

This study sheds the light upon an important period of the history of Egypt and Bilad as-Sham in the Ottoman era. It examines the Egyptian existence in Bilad as-Sham from 1830-1841 A.C. with regard to the reasons of this existence, its trends and its impacts on the policy of Ottoman State and Mohammed Ali Basha, the ruler of Egypt, and accordingly, its impact on the international policy. Ottoman State faced many internal and external crises, hence, it called for support from Mohammed Ali Basha who gained victory in all his tasks and obligations. These victories affected Mohammed Ali's greed, obsessions and willing in extending the region under his rule. But, his efforts failed, and the relations became worse between the two countries, then, fierce battles began. Ottoman State became powerless and exhausted after those battles. Hence, the European states hastened to support it in order to achieve their desire in taking possession of Ottoman State. Britain, one of the European states, found that Mohammed Ali and his regional power prevent it from imposing its economical and political domination in the region. On account of that, the efforts were unified and all possessions that Mohammed Ali Basha seized were returned to the Ottoman State in exchange for giving him Egypt as succession rule.