الملخص

Vietnam was subjected to the French occupation in 1843 and the situation continued till the recent came under German control in June 1940, when Japan took an advantage of the conditions to occupy Vietnam. By the end of the Second World War 1939-1945 and the defeat of Japan militarily, the Vietnamese Communist Party initiated to control the capital Hanoi, led by Ho Chi It included Hồ Chí Minh and the assumption of power in Northern Vietnam from 1945 to 1969, followed by France's re-takeover of Vietnam and the outcome of the outbreak of a war that lasted around eight years 1946-1954 which ended by the signing of the Geneva Convention in 1954, which stipulated a temporary division of Vietnam that the referendum to be completed on the unity between the north and the south two years after the signing of the agreement. In the meantime, the United States of America, which had feared the expansion of communist impact on the world, decided to help the government of South Vietnam, and as a result, American financial and military aid began to be poured into the Saigon government in South Vietnam, so as to prevent the u75nity which is between the north and the south, on the other side ,the Hanoi communist government in North Vietnam receives military support from the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China, aiming to resist the American presence from the northern border, besides, that situation continued until mid-January 1973 when US President Richard Nee announced Kasson Richard Nixon1969 - 1974 ceasing the air strikes and offensive operations against North Vietnam, and finally under pressure from the American public and the amazing victories of the forces of the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam, "Viet Cong". The USA was forced on January 27, 1973 to sign the peace agreement between the parties The four represented by the United States of America, the Government of South Vietnam, the Provisional Government of Vietnam represented by the National Liberation Front and the Viet Cong forces, as well as the Government of North Vietnam, according to which the American forces gradually withdrew from South Vietnam. in addition, on April 30, 1975, The northerners and their southern allies entered the capital, Saigon, and on July 2, 1976, the establishment of the United Socialist Republic of Vietnam with its capital Hanoi was announced.