الملخص

Agricultural production is the basic pillar of food security, but the type of agricultural crops and the quantity of their production are greatly and clearly affected by natural factors of all kinds, and man has evolved in his adaptation to natural conditions in order to serve his various activities, including agricultural activity, but his control in these conditions is limited and still The natural conditions (geological structure, topography, climate, soil, and water resources) are specific to the type and location of the various agricultural activities. The uses of agricultural land are subject to natural controls, since the farmer is in direct contact with it as long as he practices agricultural activity in the open. The current research examined the study of the most important natural factors affecting the production of agricultural crops in Qayyarah district represented by the geological structure and surface appearance represented by (slope) and (elevations) in addition to the soil and its productive capacity and linking it with the production of agricultural crops for the aforementioned region for the year 2021 using geographic information systems techniques. And then building a model for spatial fit and agricultural crop production for the purpose of knowing and identifying the best spatial fit places using spatial analysis tools for the data in Arc GIS V10.8.2 to be of sure benefit as it carries new information extracted or extracted from the spatial analysis. And then the process of matching between the agricultural crop maps with the spatial fit map that was produced. The study showed a close relationship between the natural factors in the study area and the amount of crops planted for the previously mentioned year.