Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the significance of statistical differences in a number of physical variables and performance in a 5000-meter run among participants between the pre-test and post-test for the group using the percentage ratios (90% aerobic training and 10% anaerobic training). Additionally, the study seeks to identify the significance of statistical differences in a number of physical variables and performance in a 5000-meter run among participants between the pre-test and post-test for the group using the percentage ratios (70% aerobic training and 30% anaerobic training). Furthermore, the research aims to recognize the significance of statistical differences in a number of physical variables and performance in a 5000-meter run among the two experimental research groups using different energy production systems in the post-test.
The researcher utilized an experimental approach suitable for the nature of the research. The research experiment was conducted on a purposive sample of long-distance runners, specifically 10 participants, in Nineveh province for the sports season of 2022. This sample was divided into two experimental groups using the matched pairs method based on performance in the 5000-meter run, with 5 participants in each group. The homogeneity of the research sample was tested in terms of chronological age, training age, height, and mass. Equivalence between the two research groups was also tested in the physical variables addressed in the research, in addition to the performance in the 5000-meter run. The experimental design used was the randomized equivalent groups with pre-test and post-test.
The following statistical methods were employed: mean, standard deviation, t-test for related samples, t-test for independent samples, percentage, effect size, Cohen's d, eta squared, and the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) for data processing.
The researcher concluded that the two training programs implemented by the first and second experimental groups resulted in significant progress in all physical variables (general endurance, speed endurance, maximum transitional speed, and power endurance) and a significant improvement in the performance in the 5000-meter run. The effect size was large for all variables except for power endurance, for which the effect size was moderate. Despite the significant progress in both groups in general endurance and maximum transitional speed, the results showed no significant superiority of one group over the other in these two variables.
