College Of Basic Education Research Journal

This paper investigates the impact of using Rothkoff Method on developing moral intelligence of fifth secondary class students literality division in Islamic education. To achieve the aim of the research, the researchers put the following null hypothesis: there is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the averages of development of moral intelligence of both groups of the research (i.e. experimental who used the suggested Rothkoff Method and control group who used the traditional method). The researchers adopted the empirical design of equal groups: the experimental and control groups. The researchers intentionally chose Al-Zohoor secondary school for boys/ Literality division to be the experimental group consisting of (20) students and Al-Shafiee secondary school to be the control group with (22) students. Thus, the sample consisted finally of (42) students. Equivalence between both groups was done in many variables. The researchers used a ready-made tool to measure moral intelligence; both stability and validity were extracted. The experiment lasted (7) weeks and the following statistical means (T-test, Two Independent and Equal Samples, Pearson correlation factor, Spearman-Brown Equation, Kai-Square) were used. After statistically analyzing the data, the results showed statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the averages of the development of moral intelligence for both research groups and in favor of the experimental one. Given these facts, the researchers made a number of suggestions and recommendations.

The aim of this research is : to build a Training program to develop social agreement of special education pupils in Ninevah Governorate to identify the effect of this program on the subjects of the experimental group ; and to identify the significance of differences of the effect of this program according to the variable of sex . The research has included fourth primary pupils at Al-Muthana and Al-Imam Malik schools for the academic year (2008-2009) .
The researchers have used the social agreement scale prepared by (Ghanim ,2005) for its efficiency in the Iraqi environment .The second tool is the training program which is formed out of four aspects and has included nine settings that have included , in turn , a number of activites .
The researchers have used t-test in analyzing the data which clarify an efficiency of the program used in this research in developing social agreement of the experimental group . Moreover , the variable of sex has had no role in the effect made by the program . Building on the results , the researchers have presented a number of recommenolotions and suggestions to make use of the training program prepared in this research.

The two researchers used the experimental design of two equivalent groups (experimental and control). The sample consisted of (29) students of second class which was(13) students in group (A) from Abu Ayoub AL Ansari secondary school which represents the experimental group; and (16) student in group (B) from Saad bin Math Islamic secondary school which represents the control group. The two researchers made an achievement test of (50) items of multiple choice, right and wrong, fill the blanks; and to measure self – confidence the researchers used a ready– made scale of (33) items.
The data were statistically analyzed using (T. test and Kodur – Richardson 21) formula.
The results showed : statistically significant differences between the averages of experimental and control groups achievements; the averages of of experimental group were higher. The researchers presented a number of recommendations and to mention but few: the necessity of using methodologies by teachers inside classrooms such as dialogue strategy due to its ability to draw the attention of students, increase their efficiency and self – confidence. Moreover, begining a study about the effect of dialogue strategy on the achievement of fifth graders female pupils in Islamic Curricula and their trends towards it.

This research is aimed to:
1. define tendencies of students at the College of Basic Education towards educational and psychological materials.
2. The Variance in attitudes of students at the College of Basic Education towards educational and psychological materials according to the academic stage(first-fourth grade).
3. The Variance in attitudes of students at the College of Basic Education towards educational and psychological materials according to sex variable (males- females) .
The socity of the research was formed out of at the students of Basic Education College,where as the sample was ( 184 )students chosen randomly forming (20%) of the original society , A questionaire of(35)terms was made to achieve goals of the research . After applying surface reliability and stability using test and re-test of the questionaire on the sample , results were found using percentage and T-test , the results read the following :
The results showed that the attitude of the students is generally positive in relation to the psycological and educational subjects and higher than the suspected average , results also showed amoal difference in students tendencies according to the academic stage ( first – fourth ) and absence of such variance according to sex variable (males – females).

Means of this research to collect the names of the trees from the book "Ocean in the language" of the owner of Ibn Abbad ( A.H.), and making lexicon, are used to complete its Dictionary we have created in previous research for us to words the plant in the book of the ocean, too, have documented words Dictionary the books of the trees and plants that written by Arab linguists, and Dictionaries language and the meanings that my wording of the owners of plants and trees, and this research (Dictionary of the names of the trees in the book "Ocean in the language" of the owner of Ibn Abbad ( A.H.) the collection and documentation).
The number of names of trees that included the Dictionary new ( ) a name, and this number is more than the number of names of the trees presented in the many books for plants and trees that have reached us, not even what sign him this dictionary of the names of the trees only close to what Hawwah book Asma'i ( A.H.) of the names of plants and trees combined. This means that what Hawwah twice what Hawwah book plant for Osamai of the names of the trees and over, and that what we have assembled was more than Hute majority Magamat meanings that included on the doors of private trees; This is not, but that Dictionary This included the names of trees, many not found in books Asma'i and Abu Hanifa Aldeanora ( A.H.), nor in the dictionaries of plant-made researchers Mahdthon, and the reason for the uniqueness of Dictionary the names of trees have not even mentioned than we to them of modern return to the ocean was not a supplier of resources, Here lies the importance of the lexicon that we have assembled, we hope that we have been successful in our work this is reconciled to God.

The study reveals the vision of Ka'ab bin Zuhair that represents his intellectual and aesthetic attitude towards life , poetry and the world. So, his poetry goes beyond the visible to create a united and harmonized world. Thus, his poetry was not a mere photographic description of nature or a narration of events ,his poetry was a creation and vision. So, Ka'ab transcended the surface vision limits of the things and penetrated through their depths in an attempt to have an insight and contemplation in and out of the things via the strength of mind and comprehension to give them a new meaning that emanates from his depths creating new horizons not on the level of the topics ,but on the comprehensive view of the universe ,life and the world .The ruins were a moment of contemplation and a standing point between the departed past and the unstable present and the unknown future. Desert, with its depth and vast area, represented freedom and the infinity.
The animal was a symbol of the conflict between the will of survival and mortality ,life and death .He started from his vision to woman as she represented a symbol of love and amity as well as she was the cause of his death and misery.

This study tackles crucial points in the pragmatic theory and way linguistic structures are used to serve the different situational context and levels through which discourse is perlocuted. It is an important linguistic approach and a key element in understanding intentionlity as a communicative pragmatic context in the process of linguistic communication according to the main performative parts of the speech act theory : expression perlocution and Influence concentrating on the perlocution act in particular being the medium of intentiouality in the pragmatic discourse.
Keeping that in mind this study aims at applying these pragmatic meaning and views in saybaweihi's syntactic discourse showing his ample contvibutions to the pragmatic theory through compact analyses and modifications by means of contemporary linguistic research terminology. His contributions are not different from what austin, influence, perlocution and communication. Attained in his research about the perlocutary force of discourse and from searl's conditional intentionality of the pragmatic expression .
As a conclusion, the study shows that saybaweihi's syntactic discourse is neither a mere entity nor a descriptive tool or a strict diagramatic mark for the means of informing and expressing, rather it is a focus of attention, influence, perlocution and communication.

The study attempts to uncover the authority act (suppression), because it forms a multidimensional and multistandard comprehensive problematic phenomenon via revealing the physical, intellectual ,and psychological conversions that overwhelm the novelistic character; and what follows of deviations in the tracks of memory, consciousness, values and creation until accessing the violation of human physical sanctity via accusing its metamorphosis, distortion, and removal.

The Defining of vision and its understanding enable the researcher to imagine in perception and vision in a comprehensive manner , all these sources constituted an important reference to the search in its assumptions and analysis and vision have also created a mechanism enabled him to fathom texts and deduce relations and extracts semantic and reveals the vision and awareness , but because they have been significant contextual element one of the cornerstones which was founded on the general structure of the thesis supported by the semantic significant lexical to trace the meanings of words of poetry , and then pictures and paintings drawn by the poets, and this may clarify reason to benefit from more of the curriculum as required by the nature of the subject of vision to combine more of the curriculum was the introduction of the curriculum paraphrasing , historical , and look at the texts from other angles , objective and intellectual , artistic stylistic , and this does not mean Anhsarha to concentrate on that this trend doesn't take advantage of the mechanisms of analysis and critic insights and working on the interpretation of texts of poetry by reading the text depth reading carefully and valley in the depths to discover the significant contextual in order to detect the aspects artistic , aesthetic and substantive in it and that we have to expose the creative vision.
The vision outcome was that the vision is more comprehensive and more accurate than the vision and the vision is the foundation , but the relationship controversial and can not be separated because both lead to the other. The first chapter was devoted to talk about (see Rights) has been addressed through two sections, the main (self-perception ) and how the poet of poetry (ego) individual and collective self-affirmation through his hair and use of symbols in the vocabulary of the desert as the equivalent of the objective of the poet and the second (see the other) for the poet in Sousse veteran of the Bani Amer last renewed in his life , but significance varied between the self and the other attacks and beloved belief Azl 0000 and all his wealth in society Categories.

This study aims at a new reading of Al Nabigha Al Thubiani's poems which makes use of the motion element that gives the image effectiveness and impact. The poet drew some fields of the reality and its multiple aspects reflected by the human, animal and nature. So, his poems are characterized by these descriptive aspects which are in permanent motion through the image, through which the poet controls imagination.
The poet was keen on fulfilling this vision in his divan, and the scrutinizing review of his poems leads us to classify the image of motion into three levels, they are namely:
• The motivation of drawing the motion by the human being.
• The motivation of drawing the motion by animals.
• The motivation of drawing the motion by the natural phenomena.
The research could prove the creative effectiveness of the motion image in Al Nabigha Al Thubiani's poems which emerged as a result of the profound experience of the poet, his accuracy, and his poetic ingenuity.

The paper aims at discussing the Military Feudal System since its establishment in the Abbasid era and the acquaintance with the term of feudalism, the characteristics and features with which it is distinguished. The paper also deals with the personalities which have gained retails and follows the stages which this system passed through. In addition to the developments that it witnessed in Al- Zankian and Al- Ayyubids period till Al-Mamlukian era.

Al-Edreesi is considered one of the pioneering Arab geographers who appeared in the 6th century A.H. (the 12th century A.D.), and who had their great impact on the Arabic civilization and on the development of the science of maps (cartography) during the middle and modern ages. His writings have a great influence on modern researchers who have examined many of his books. The objective of the present research is motivated by the status of Al-Edreesi’s writings, the aim being to uncover part of his knowledge through studying his efforts in the geographic Arabic thought (493-560 A.H./ 1100-1160 A.D.).
Since the geographic concepts are scattered in Al-Edreesi’s books, it is required by the researcher to collect those concepts in a unified study. The significance of the present research is revealed in documenting and investigating those concepts by tracing them back to their original sources.
The construction of the present research shows that Al-Edeesi had great influences on the Arabic geographic thought. Those influences were demonstrated by many of his geographic ideas which emerged in the different fields of natural, human, regional geography and maps; these fields had constructed in the middle ages, along with other sciences, the pillars of the tower that the Arabic civilization has been built on.

The study aimed at identifying Abi Dalf's curriculum vitae and his Joruney to India which had came in his book (Al-Risall Al-Oula). This book hints to several Indian cities and the public life in them as a trial to recognize the historical value of the texts of this book as well as comparing them with other books on India. The study also; according to a comparative historical procedure; aimed at what Dalf had neglected, which information had abbreviated and his exclusive news. The study included seven investigations, they were the: Dalf's curriculum vitae; course of his Joruney to India; social and religious life in India; administration and government in India, economical activities, civilization movement, and scientific life in India had come in the seventh investigation. The researcher depended upon many primary sources especially those which were attributed to countries that preceded, were contemporary with and succeeded Dalf. Many references and modern studies had been consulted via explaining, analyzing and submitting opinions. Furthermore, many maps were introduced in this study.

The present study investigates the image formed by the students of the University of Mosul on the other sex. The study is made by studying the psychology of relation among the students attempting giving approximate modal of the other’s image upon the students. In doing so, we can determine the image made by both sexes. Similarly, we can determine the factors the form this image. The study relies in collecting data and facts on the social survey and samples selection. The mathematical weight has been introduced for each paragraphs of the scale amounted to paragraphs. The survey includes miscellaneous questions about various fields. The study has come up with many important conclusions among which asserting on the moral of the girl to be appreciated by the young men. Likewise the external appearance reflects the inside and attracts the other. Moreover, the beauty of the fair sex also arouses the attraction the men eventually forms special impression by the men. Finally manhood attracts the girls toward the young men.

Dream phenomenon called for the concern of dreamers and interpreters over history, and humane and naturalistic studies in different cultures had tackled this phenomenon since ancient times through analysis, religions in particular. As the eastern Muslim intellectuals wrote about dreams; the west intellectuals also wrote about them and had their own views on this phenomenon. They discussed, investigated and analyzed it thoroughly focusing on the psych-socio aspect and its impact on the sustained aspect of human's life. There are several examples about dreams in the books of interpretation, bibliographies, literature and news, indicating that belief in dreams was known amongst Arabs before Islam. After the coming of Islam there had been certain indications for the true dream in several verses of the holy Koran, an evident concept and theory in the Islamic thinking had emerged with dimensions that preoccupied artists, researchers and Islamic intellectuals in jurisprudence sciences. Prophets were the most famous interpreters of dreams who were interested in this aspect such as Prophets Joseph and Mohammed (peace be upon them) as well as the companions of prophet Mohammed and some other Muslim intellectuals who followed such as Imam Mohammed Ibn Sereen, Alghazali, Alshafi'I, Aljuneid, Aljahidh and Ibn Khaldoon (May God have mercy on them all).
In opposition to the Muslim intellectuals, Western intellectuals from the west had written about the phenomenon of dreams. The most famous of them were Frued, the psychologist , Yong, Adler and Karen Horney preceded by the educator Johan Herbert. Anthropologists like Cliffy Broll and Malinowisky had also written about dreams as well as Biologists like Pavlov.
In our theoretical study, we have made a comparison between the views of intellectuals who wrote in conceptual and humane aspects, social and psychological in particular in both Islamic oriental and western cultures in order to make clear similarities and dissimilarities between those thoughts.

Our research aims to identify the most important aspects of natural philosophy of Al-Farabi. It also aims to indicate the nature of this philosophy and its relevance. This research is about the vision of al-Farabi of the issue of existence and the first principle.
Therefore, this research stems from several questions, including:
• What is the truth of existence for al-Farabi?
• Is al-Farabi studies in depth the causes of existence?
• was al-Farabi successful in the provision of natural philosophy which describes the ambiguity of Aristotle?
• Do his views express the issue of duty and possible bias for substances?
• Does al- Farabi treatment of nature aims to uphold the mind?
To answer these questions, we divided the research into an introduction and three chapters and a conclusion:
Introduction: includes research motivations and justifications, and reasons for selecting the topic.
Section I: This section examines the nature of al-Farabi and addresses the problem of existence, trying to provide a complete overview of the views of al-Farabi in the statement of the truth of existence and natural discussion of the most important issues falling within it.
Section II: This section addresses the problem of mind and self in the flux of Al-Farabi, and discusses this issue through the constructed normal. This includes also reading the section of the dialectic of natural philosophy and psychology at al-Farabi and statement of significance.
Section III: deals with the causal of al-Farabi, indicating the theory to explain the reasons and disclosure of interdependence and its role in solving problems. It also addresses the idea of duty and its possible role in matters of natural issues.
Conclusion: It was dedicated to highlighting the main research results. Then a list of references that we have adopted in the writing of this search is to follow.
We have adopted two methodologies in this research:
• analytical method: the analysis of texts in order to detect components.
• historical approach: to trace the origin of natural philosophy and the reasons for its inception, al-Farabi, and the extent of enrichment of philosophical thought . we have seen that such an approach is important and necessary, because the way became clear for our different views and perceptions and interpretations to address the problem of the presence from its natural view.

This research starts off from the basic supposition which states that the western historian presents his environment and his own civilization features whatever advanced his belonging and his scientific knowledge was. This theory applies clearly on the Britain historian prof. Arnold Toynbee as a citizen of the western civilization, the son of the Britain imperialism institution also؛ he served there many long years of his life and he made important tasks there like: supervising the international affairs survey, presenting studies and researches helped in developing the international knowledge in it. He presented the relationship between his western society and other societies, especially the Islamic one which was the most threatening to his western civilization. He viewed the Islamic world from two points; first the matter of Westernization, second the unity of Pan – Islamic world.

Yakut AL-Hamawyi is regarded one of the pioneers of Islamic Thought in geographical and historical fields. May be his book (Mujam AL-Buldan) constitutes Encyclopedia as a vital source in many aspects of Islamic civilization which included cities and velliges; and the impact of Geography in history in addition to the literature values.

Muhammed bin Tumart is a well-known muslim scholar. He is one of a few reformers in the Islamic world in medieval. He kept on studying the various lorauehes of Islamic jurisprudence and for the sake of his study, he traveled from his country Morroco to the East spending several years. He met in this journey a number of prominent muslim scholars from whom he received his education. When he come back to his country, Tumart revolted against the moral deterioration experienced in Morroco at that time, banned wine trafficking and obscene singing. He fought as well against the tyranny and wide spread ignorance, encouraging the study of religious sciences especially Jurisprudence. After all these painstaking efforts, Tumart managed to realize his aim. His followers however, managed, after his death , to establish the state of Al-Muwahidin - the monotheists - whose name is derived from al-Tawhid – Monotheism – which Ibn Tumart instilled in his followers and urged them to adhere to.

The current research aims to:
1. Identify to the degree of psychological trend towards the physical education lesson of intermediate students (males and females)in the city of Mosul.
2. Identify the differences of the psychological attitude toward the physical education lesson between male and female intermediate students in the city of Mosul.
The descriptive surveying methods was used due to its appropriateness. The society were the students of intermediate schools in the left bank of the city of Mosul reaching eight schools This distribution considered the factors of people density , social and, environmental uprising and divided into (4) female schools and (4) male schools. the society were the students (3600) males and females according to statistics of the state administrate of education in Nineveh governorate , the left bank was divided into (8) geographical sites .The Total socity of the research was (17000) students . The sample represented by taking a school from each geographical site in the left bank to be four female schools and four male schools . Thus, the sample was (3200) students . The application sample was (263) pupils chosen randimly from (8) schools with a rate of (8,2%). Adjunction scale of trends was adopted as a tool after applying the scientific treatments . The following statistical methods (i.e.mathmatical means, standard deviation, Spearman brown equation, Alfa Factor for stability, ratio, hypothetical means, and T. Law For Difference significance between the averages) were used .
The researchers concluded that: Social, environmental and cultural Factor have huge effect in forming and creating trends towards a certain thing . Habits, traditions, and social traditions have the greatest part in crystallizing these trends and developing them either positively or negatively.
Intermediate school students have a positive trend towards the lesson of physical education that has been formed in previous age stage , due to their family , school, and social environment in addition to the availability of special play grounds and clubs to develop their positive trends towards physical activity.
There is a certain negative trend for female students towards physical education lesson which increases with growing old due to the absence of specialized clubs and youth center for girls.

The current study aims at:
- Revealing the impact of using comparative competition style in teaching some of the basic skills in football for fourth class secondary school pupils.
- Comparing post tests of both (comparative competition and Commanding) styles in teaching some basic skills of football for fourth secondary school students.
The researcher has hypothesized the following:
- There are statistically significant differences in the grades of the pupils between pre and post tests for the study groups in teaching some basic skills of football and in favor of the post test.
- There are statistically significant differences in averages of students in post test for the study groups in some basic skills of football and in favor of the experimental group .
Experimental approach is used for its suitability to the study approach. The study sample consisted of (40) fourth secondary stage students at Al Kindi School for Boys in the city of Mosul for the year academic (2009– 2010).
Each of the methods developed by the researchers was applied to teaching some of the basic skills of football as follows:
- first experimental group: comparative competition method.
- Control group: Commanding style.
Equivalence has been achieved for the three groups regarding age, weight and height and some of the physical fitness affecting the development of basic skills in football.
The main experiment started on Sunday 21 st February 2010 and finished on Wednesday 14th March 2010.
The study sums up with the following:
1. The comparative competition and Commanding style, are efficient in teaching the basic skills (rolling, short, medium and long pass, close and distant shooting, hitting the ball with head) in football with various rates.
2. Comparative method is better than the Commanding methods in teaching some of the basic skills in football (rolling, short, medium and long pass, close and distant shooting, hitting the ball with head)
The researcher has recommended the following:
1. Using comparative style in teaching some of the basic skills in football (rolling, short, medium and long pass, close and distant shooting, hitting the ball with the head) for the fourth secondary stage students.
2. Paying more attention by physical sport teachers to use comparative method in teaching and maintaining some of the basic skills of football.
The following are suggested by the researcher:
1. conducting other studies using comparative competition method for other teaching stages for boys in football.
2. Making other studies using comparative competition method for other teaching stages for boys and girls in various games.

The research aims to reveal differences in the aspects of muscle strength and some of the basic skills of players of the experimental group and control group between pre and post tests, the differences in the aspects of muscle strength and some of the basic skills of players of experimental and control groups for testing dimensional and assumed research and there significant differences in aspects of muscle strength and some basic skills for the two experimental and control group between pre and post tests in the interest of the post test, there were significant differences in aspects of muscle strength and some basic skills for the two experimental and control groups between the tests, Badien and in the interest of the experimental group, the researchers used the experimental approach to the nature and appropriate research, researchers chose a sample examined in a deliberate players from the youth Club Qaraqosh Sports Volleyball season (2010-2011), who are (18), research sample consisted of (14) players were excluded (4) players to test, reconnaissance, and the researchers used statistical means: the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, test T for samples related, test samples of the non-T-related, the coefficient of variation, the researchers found the following conclusions:
- The experimental group had developed in all aspects of muscle strength and the basic skills of volleyball.
- The group has made Zabottp advanced in force characterized by the speed of the arms and beating overwhelming.
- The control group did not achieve development in most aspects of muscle strength and basic skills.
- Development of the experimental group achieved better than the control group in the post test in most aspects of muscle strength and basic skills in Volleyball.
In the conclusions the researchers recommend:
- The possibility of the use of Plyometric training in a repetitive training in the development of aspects of muscle strength and basic skills in Volleyball.
- Possibility of carrying out similar research on the activities of other sports and different age groups and both sexes.

Generated research problem in the next question is to change the test environment with a real impact on the results of some of the variables of the functional tests of physical performance-Aqsa (Alangazih)?
The aim of search
- Disclosure of the impact of the test environment when the performance of the antenna voltage (Mtaulh two periodic breathing) in some variables, functional football players 0
- Disclosure of the impact of the test environment when testing the performance of motor speed of response in some functional variables of the football players.
- Disclosure of the impact of the test environment when the performance of anaerobic effort of the muscles of the abdomen in some variables, functional football players 0
- Disclosure of the impact of the test environment in the performance of the speed of reaction variables in some functional football players Areas of research:
- The human sphere: Some football players for the team Faculty of Physical Education.
- Temporal field: for the period from 20/10/2010 until 10/02/2011
- Spatial domain: Stadium University of Mosul, Hall closed the branch of Differential Games, Laboratory of Physiology of the Faculty of Physical Education.
- Search procedures
- Research Methodology Approach was used to fit the semi-empirical nature of the research and Research community and appointed by the , Represent the research community players elected Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Mosul, football and of the number (18) player has been selected to deliberate for the purposes of research, was chosen as the research sample in a random adult population (3) players representing 17% of the indigenous community.
Means of collecting information: content analysis: the questionnaire: personal interview: tests and measurements:
Included tests – Test endures three minutes (two endures respiratory league) - a test of the Nelson motor response - the belly of an exercise test (30 seconds) - a test Nelson (ruler) (reaction speed)
- Physical measurements - measure the height (cm): - measurement of weight (kg): The main experiment was conducted for the period from 05/12/2010 to 12/12/2010 and has had experience with three main stages:
- Phase I tests were conducted in an environment outside the stadium (football stadium) in the floor of the arena and field games
- Phase II tests were conducted in the indoor environment (Hall of the Interior)
- Phase III tests were conducted in the indoor environment (Physiology Laboratory) It is through the presentation of the results of the tests is clear that when measuring any recipe physical must take into consideration the factors of the environment in which tests for the purpose of identifying these factors, which affect negatively or positively on the numbers that correspond to the character of physical measured, which may give a line in the measurement, which in turn is reflected the results of research and gives inaccurate conclusions
-Variables of the test environment (Alsaikoveziqia) with significant impact on the variables in the functional test antenna physical effort (endures two league and respiratory).
- test environment variables (Alsaikoveziqia) with significant impact on the variables in the functional testing of anaerobic physical effort Allaktaki endures speed of the abdominal muscles).
- test environment variables (Alsaikoveziqia) with significant impact on the variables in the functional testing of physical effort (for the kinetic response of the body).
- test environment variables (Alsaikoveziqia) did not significantly affect the variables in the functional testing of physical effort (for the kinetic response of the arms).

Social behavior is one of the most important subjects of social psychology due to its grand role in building the personality of human being and his transformation from a helpless biological creature into a mature human being capable of positive reaction with the elements of his environment in a matter of coordinance and balance .
The Aim of the study
The researcher aims at revealing :
- The degree of social behavior for students of Physical Education Dept. at the College of Basic Education .
-Superiority of ego power for the students at the Physical Education Dept./ College of Basic Education - The relation between social behavior and ego power for physical Education Dept. / College of Basic Education.
Hypotheses
- Students of physical education dept. college of the Basic Education have high degree of social behavior.
-Students of physical education dept .college of the Basic Education have agood degree of ego power.
- No moral significant relation is found between social behavior and ego power for the students of physical education.
The researcher used descriptive method in surveys due to its appropriateness The sample of (100) students was chosen randomly from the society of the research reading (303) to fall in to (37) students at first year, (14)at the second, (26) students at the third and (23) students at the fourth.
The researcher used (Shwan model 1998)limited for the students of Iraqi universities adapted by (Al.Biati 2010) to measure social behavior as well as (Al.Timimi, 2010) model to measure ego power . In order to analyse data statistically, the following statistical means were used (mathematical average, standard deviation, hypothetical means, Pearson simple conjunction factor and T.test for variance significance).
Conclusions:
After viewing and discussing the result, the researcher concluded that:
-Students of Physical Education dept. / College of Basic Education have a good degree of the social behaviour among them.
- Rates of ego power were acceptable between the students of physical education dept. / college of basic education . an indication of their strong charisma.
-A strong relation is found between social behavior and ego power students of physical education dept. / college of basic education.

We have studied the influence of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier length on gain and noise figure values in (c) band of optical communication network. This influence had been studied using computer simulation in solving integral equations and finding numerical solution for rate and propagation equations. The study has revealed that, using of wavelength (1480 nm) in process, the optical fiber should not be less than (9m) to get a highain (60dB) and low noise figure (-13dB).

For maximization the productivity, quality of sunflower crop, two field experiments were conducted during two successive spring growing seasons of 2007, 2008-2008, 2009 to determine growth, yield and quality of sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L.) to plant density and leaves defoliation. Each experiment comprised of three sunflower genotypes (Morden, Flame and Manon), four levels of plant density (22222, 29629, 44444 and 88888 plants.hector-1) and three levels of upper leaves defoliation (0, 4 and 8 leaves). It was conducted according to Randomized Completely Block Design with split- split plot with three replications. The results could be summarized as:
Increasing plant density to 88888 plant.hector-1 led to significant increases in plant high, hollow percentage and oil percentage. The plant density at 22222 plant.hector-1 cause a significant increase in stem diameter, leaf area, head diameter, number of seed per head and weight of thousand seed, while increasing plant density from 22222 to 44444 plant.hector-1 cause a significant increase in total yield, oil, protein yield in the two growing seasons of 2007, 2008-2008, 2009, respectively.
Non defoliation treatment recorded a significant increases in characters plant high, stem diameter, leaf area, head diameter, number of seed per head and weight of thousand seed, total yield and oil percentage, while increasing defoliation treatment to 8 leaves cause a significant increase in protein percentage of the seeds in both seasons 2007, 2008-2008, 2009, respectively.
The Flame genotype gave a high mean for characters stem diameter, leaf area, head diameter, number of seed per head and weight of thousand seed, total yield and oil yield (ton.hector-1) and oil percentage, while Manon genotype gave a high percentage of protein in the seeds in both seasons 2007,2008-2008,2009, respectively.
The interaction between plant density with defoliation treatment was significant in some of growth, yield and quality characteristics, the plant density 22222 plant.hector-1 with the non defoliation treatment gave a high means of the head diameter, number of seed per head and weight of thousand seed, while the plant density at 44444 plant.hector-1 with non defoliation treatment gave a high rate of the total seed yield (ton.hector-1) in both seasons 2007, 2008-2008, 2009, respectively. The plant density 44444 plant.hector-1 with the Flame genotype gave a high rate of total seed yield (ton.hector-1) and oil yield for the tow seasons 2007, 2008-2008, 2009, respectively.
The effect of the interaction between leaves defoliation treatments and genotype was significant on some growth characters, yield and quality. Non defoliation treatment with Flame genotype gave the highest means for head diameter, weight of thousand seed and total seed yield in the two growing seasons. The interaction between plant density 44444 plant.hector-1 with non defoliation treatment with Flame genotype gave a high rate for head diameter, weight of thousand seed and total seed yield in the two growing seasons.

The lead titanate PbTiO3 was prepared by solid state reaction method . In this method ,the mixture of (PbO : TiO2) compounds in mole ratio [1:1] was calcined at 900 оC for 2 hr. The crystallisation and growth of tetragonal PbTiO3 phase ( c/a =1.039) were investigated by using XRD technique. The dielectric properties of PbTiO3 were reported, in which the dielectric constant of PbTiO3 increases with increasing temperature in tetragonal phase to reach maximum value at curie temperature (486 оC) ,then decreases with increasing temperature in cubic phase. The loss factor increases with increasing temperature in different ratios The electric resistivity of PbTiO3 decreases with increasing temperature.

The objective of this study was to note the attraction and aggregation behavior of wild type strain of house flies Musca domestica L. among different colors. So we can identify the best color for trap and to chose the color with least houseflies attraction which can be used for different purposes such as jar bag sacs and butchers shop wall painting, dairy product. So we studied the effect of four colors on the attraction and we found that the black color is the most attractive followed by green, yellow and white.

A number of new complexes of the general formulaes [M(L1)2Cl2]and [M(L1)2(γ-pic)2]Cl2{where L1= bis-(2-thiophenelidene) thiosemcarbazone; M= Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and γ-pic= 4-methyl pyridine} have been prepared and characterized by molar conductance, magnetic properties and metal contents analysis, infrared, and electronic spectra. The electronic and magnetic susceptibility indicated that the complexes have distorted octahedral geometry either non regular for some complexes due to the differences in the two coordinated ligand and distorted copper complexes due to the above reason and also to Jahn teller effect.

Water is a basic necessity for human being along with food and air. Desalination of water by using solar energy is suitable for potable water production from brackish and sea water. This article includes constructing the double inclined roof model and study its performance under the open environmental conditions of Mosul – Iraq. The solar distillation unit consist of two main components: transparent glazing cover of 0.004m thickness inclined at 40o in order to obtain extra solar energy, and steel basin had dimension of 0.98m length,0.76m width and 0.15m height. The study includes the still performance in terms of the still efficiency (η), the coefficient of performance (C.O.P.) and heat losses from the solar still were also considered.

The present study investigate the effects on 55 workers which were divided into groups according to the departments of Hamam AL-Alil Cement Factory-Iraq. The parameters included in the study are: potassium, sodium, blood urea, BUN, and creatinine.
The results showed that there was a significant increase in sodium, blood urea and BUN in workers serum which increased with increasing exposure time. The results also showed a significant decrease in potassium in workers serum which increased with increasing exposure time in all factory department. Whereas the creatinine illustrate no significant decrease with increasing exposure time.

This study is an investigation into questions in English legal discourse. It attempts at categorizing questions in varied police and court interviews. Such interviews are considered to be a speech event in which questions are discrete speech acts grouped into act sequences. It is found that questions involve six broad categories arranged according to how far they restrict witnesses in their answer. They are given in order from the least restrictive to the most restrictive.

The research tackles formal and functional meanings in the Glorious Qur'an with reference to translation. It aims at studying how translators deal with these meanings in their renderings, and based on the accredited Qur'anic interpretations, it tries to clarify the Qur'anic verses, as far as these meanings are concerned. It is hypothesized that unless a fine distinction is made between formal and functional meanings, erroneous translation will result. Analyzing different translations of the Glorious Qur'an, it is realized that taking these meanings into consideration plays a significant role in achieving better understanding on the part of the TL reader. Thus, revising these translations is recommended.