College Of Basic Education Research Journal

Abstract

Abstract
The a study of the number of hours of real and theoretical sunshine duration is one of  modern climate studies in the world, as it is supported and confirmed by geographers considering the practical applied approach has its justification in the contemporary climate, and relied on the application of mathematical and statistical equations so it is climatic within the field Applied climate.
The sunshine is critical in the proper planning and optimal use of solar energy resources in various fields in order to develop appropriate plans for different activities based on their results.
 The reasons for the study in the enrichment of climate studies such as these quantitative studies that are associated with many other studies, whether in the natural or human field. The choice of the subject of research (Sunshine duration in the Rabia station/ an analytical climatic study) gave a spatial dimension to the diastolic surface this reflects on the impact of climate elements, and this reflects negatively or positively on the number of sunshine hours, as well as the rare studies that dealt with sunshine duration in geographical studies, especially in Iraq.
 The elements of solar radiation, outside the Earth's atmosphere absorbed solar  radiation (Ra) and total solar radiation (Rs) share the highest values in June and lowest in December, and real and theoretical sunshine duration at the highest values in June and lowest in January. Mathematical relationships have been found to calculate total solar radiation (Rs) from sunshine (real, theoretical, sunshine ratio). The relationship of multiple association of total solar radiation (Rs) with solar sunshine (real, theoretical, sunshine ratio) was positive as it reached (0.998).
The adoption of the values of solar radiation outside the atmosphere (Ra) when calculating solar radiation for any time, because it relied on constants such as the latitude and length of the day (theoretical). The rest of the elements of solar radiation values change as climate elements and other variables. And the adoption of theoretical sunshine values (N) because they are fixed for all years because they depend on constants.